The strategy of structural adjustment in the process of agricultural industrialization (6.29)

OA show ('918 '); in a sense, the process of agricultural industrialization is the process of construction, adjustment and reconstruction of industrial structure From this point of view, the development of agricultural industrialization can be summed up as the structure of agricultural industrialization Because of the foundation and core position of agriculture in the process of industrialization, the construction of agricultural structure is of great significance to the structure of agricultural industrialization From the perspective of agricultural industrialization, this paper discusses the construction of industrial structure in agricultural structure Hcj I the necessity of the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure began from the rural economic reform in the late 1970s and the agricultural industrialization in the late 1980s, which promoted the rapid development of China's agricultural production in the past 20 years Its greatest contribution lies in the fact that it fundamentally changed the long-term shortage of agricultural product supply The income level and living standard of farmers have been greatly improved However, if we face the actual problems reflected by the economic development in recent years, it is not difficult to see that agricultural production and structure have entered a new round of adjustment period after passing through the period of rapid development and relative stability Hcj1 The internal law of agricultural development and the current situation of agriculture in China require that agriculture must adjust its industrial structure First of all, as a country with a large population, people's food and clothing has been a major problem in China's agricultural and economic development Therefore, in the long-term pursuit of a single agricultural (especially grain) production growth, at the same time, in the agricultural industrial structure, resources and environment, regional division of labor and layout and other areas, a large number of problems are accumulated, specifically as follows: (1) a long-term single agricultural industrial structure, resulting in the abnormal use of agricultural resources, agriculture The output rate declines, and the farmers increase production without increasing income; (2) the supply of agricultural products changes from shortage to structural and regional surplus, with structural contradictions prominent Secondly, from the perspective of the development of agriculture itself, China's agriculture is in the process from tradition to modernization, and the requirements for agricultural technology progress and industrial upgrading from within the agricultural industry are becoming higher and higher In particular, the objective trend of the evolution of modern agricultural industrial structure - diversification, scale, industrialization of agricultural industrial structure and China's agriculture There is a strong contrast between the simplification of industrial structure, the family orientation and the backward mode of production It shows that the adjustment of agricultural production direction and structure is inevitable Hcj 2 The requirement of agricultural industrial structure adjustment also comes from external environmental pressure These pressures are as follows: (1) in the natural resources such as light, heat, water and soil, which are the main sources of agricultural development (especially the large amount of cultivated land and water needed for food production), the per capita share of cultivated land, water resources, forest and forest land in China is 1 / 3, 1 / 4 and 1 / 6 of the world average level respectively, and the resources are poor However, the regional and temporal distribution of resources is not balanced, and the utilization rate is low; the soil erosion is serious, the environment is deteriorating rapidly, and the resource constraint characteristics of agricultural production are very obvious (2) Agriculture cannot coordinate with the development of related industries in the industrialization chain (3) The contradiction between the change of market demand structure and the lag of supply structure adjustment is prominent (4) Under the trend of world economic integration, it is necessary to participate in the international regional division of labor in agricultural production From this point of view, the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure is imperative Hcj 2 Principle of adjustment of agricultural industrial structure Hcj 1 Principle of rational allocation of resources The process of building agricultural industrial structure is essentially the process of rational combination of agricultural industrial resource elements Rational allocation of resources is the basic index to measure whether the industrial structure is reasonable or not 2 Principle of coordinated development That is to say, we should coordinate the macro structural adjustment with the micro structural adjustment, the short-term structural goal with the medium and long-term structural goal, the social and economic benefits with the ecological benefits, and the agricultural industrialization chain with the development of various industries Hcj 3 Market orientation principle Adhere to the market-oriented and determine the direction of industrial structure adjustment according to the change of market demand structure At the same time, because the adjustment of industrial structure (or supply structure) generally lags behind the adjustment of market demand structure, it is another aspect of agricultural industrial structure adjustment that follows the market principle to cultivate and tap the potential market demand 4 Principle of technological progress Technological progress is an important source of social progress and economic development, and an effective way of industrial structure adjustment The adjustment of industrial structure should be based on the advance of industrial technology 5 Principle of employment demand The fundamental purpose of the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure is to promote the process of agricultural production and industrialization, which should be coordinated with the development of social economy in China From the perspective of employment problem, it is to achieve the balance between the supply of employment opportunities and the demand for employment Hcj 3 Countermeasures for the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure Hcj 1 Establish a diversified agricultural industrial structure on the premise of ensuring the stable macro supply of agricultural products First of all, adjust the structure of grain production; second, establish a comprehensive structure system of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline and fishery industries to adapt to the situation of China's agricultural resources; third, establish a multi-level agricultural industrial structure system 2 Establish regional pillar industries and strengthen the advantages of regional industrial structure Select one or two industries in a certain region as the key development object, and promote the advantages of regional industrial structure through specialized production and operation in different regions, so as to achieve the balance of industrial structure in a wide range of regions Hcj 3 Considering the short-term interests and medium-term and long-term interests in the process of industrial structure adjustment, scientifically and rationally establish the medium-term and long-term goals of agricultural structure adjustment Because the construction of agricultural production structure and distribution system is a long-term dynamic process The contradiction between the medium and long-term objectives and the short-term interests of agricultural production will often be reflected It is the fundamental requirement of structural adjustment to coordinate and give consideration to the interests of both In addition, the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure should adhere to the path of industrial development of expanding connotation; establish various forms of agricultural industrialization operation mechanism, optimize the structural relationship of agricultural industrialization chain, promote the adjustment of agricultural structure; take the road of sustainable development of ecological agriculture China feed industry information network Hcj (author:)