The snow and drought disaster will cause the shortage of livestock products in Inner Mongolia

Introduction: from last winter to this autumn, the Inner Mongolia prairie continued to suffer from Blizzard and drought, resulting in a serious shortage of feed and a decline in the number of cattle and sheep on hand Affected by this, in the next two or three years, there will be a shortage of cattle and sheep meat, wool (cashmere) and other livestock products in Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia is the largest natural pollution-free grassland in China, with an annual output of more than 50 million sheep and an annual output of more than 20 million The "grassland fat sheep" produced by Inner Mongolia is a high-quality green livestock product that has poured into China's large and medium-sized cities in recent years The annual output of cattle and sheep is more than 4.3 million, with an annual output of more than 1.58 million The annual output of beef and sheep meat is 218400 tons and 318200 tons, with an annual output of 36959 tons of fine wool, 3815 tons of cashmere and 3815 tons of cattle and sheep 797800 tons of milk At present, Inner Mongolia ranks 4th in mutton production, 11th in beef production, first in fine wool and cashmere production, and third in milk production However, since 1999, Inner Mongolia grassland has suffered three consecutive years of severe drought, especially since last winter, which has intensified the deterioration of grassland ecology, caused a large area of grassland to be swallowed up, a large number of livestock died, and brought huge losses to animal husbandry production According to the statistics of Animal Husbandry Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the area of degraded and desertified grassland in the whole region has increased to 580 million mu, accounting for 56.8% of the total grassland area Last winter's snow disaster killed more than 1 million livestock, and this spring and summer's drought killed more than 300000 livestock, resulting in a negative increase in livestock stocks in the whole region for two consecutive years Among them, the number of large and small livestock on hand in the whole region this year is 61.3007 million, a decrease of 1.9438 million compared with two years ago, and the number of other livestock products is correspondingly reduced Some animal husbandry experts in Inner Mongolia analyzed that the snow drought disaster and grassland ecological deterioration had little impact on the price of beef and mutton this year Although herdsmen suffered from disasters and the number of livestock was reduced, the number of livestock in pastoral areas was generally increased At present, there are 23.385 million large and small livestock in the whole area, an increase of 520000 over last year, including 21.68 million sheep, an increase of 600000 over last year Zhang Zhenwu, chairman of grassland Xingfa group, which mainly manages grassland sheep, said that the number of sheep purchased and processed by Xingfa group this year has not decreased, but increased by about 2.5 million compared with last year, to about 5 million Animal husbandry experts said that there will be no shortage or price increase of beef and mutton in the grasslands of large and medium-sized cities this winter and next spring, but it will have an important impact on the price of beef and mutton in the next two years Due to the lack of grass on the grassland, most of the livestock have been fed since this spring Because of the high cost of forage, and the government's subsidy funds for forage have been exhausted Herdsmen have to spend the same amount of money to raise one livestock as the past three to four livestock Many herdsmen are unable to raise any more livestock, so they have to sell a large number of them, resulting in the decrease of basic livestock Next year, the number of livestock will inevitably decline, which is likely to lead to the shortage of grassland cattle and sheep Snow and drought disasters and ecological deterioration have a great impact on this year's wool (cashmere) According to the head of Animal Husbandry Bureau of Xilinguole and Hulunbuir grassland, the largest grassland in Inner Mongolia, due to continuous disasters and grassland ecological deterioration, the vast majority of sheep are as thin as wood, and the wool production has declined substantially In addition, since the beginning of spring this year, sand storms have occurred continuously on the grassland, which have greatly affected the quality of cashmere At present, due to the decline of production and quality, the production cost of plush processing enterprises has increased by about 1 / 3, and the benefit has decreased significantly; the per capita income of herdsmen has also lost about 1 / 2 The heads of Yili and Mengniu, the two largest dairy companies in Inner Mongolia, and Shanghai Guangming and Beijing Sanyuan's joint venture in Inner Mongolia believe that snow and drought disasters and ecological deterioration have little impact on dairy products Because most of the dairy processing enterprises are built in cities and towns, and the milk source base is also distributed around the cities and towns, and most of the cattle farmers adopt house feeding, so it has little impact on the amount of fresh milk purchased and processed by the enterprises However, due to the lack of grass, the milk yield of naturally released dairy cows decreased significantly, which would have a great impact on dairy farmers in pastoral areas.