The Scientific Research Report on Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2021) was officially released (with the full text of the brief)

2021225，《（2021）》（《》）。

、，、、、，，，20。

Yang Yuexin, chairman of the Chinese Nutrition Society, first introduced the research work of the report.
She pointed out that the "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" issued by the State Council listed the "Rational Diet Action" as one of the major actions.
The "National Nutrition Plan" clearly states that "regularly revise and publish residents' dietary guidelines.
" In order to better revise the "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents" to formulate new dietary guidelines and make full use of the scientific research results of nutrients and food and health, the Chinese Nutrition Society established a scientific report working group on the "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents".
-On the basis of the Consensus of Scientific Evidence, we will gather new evidences about the development of dietary guidelines, diet and health research at home and abroad in recent years, analyze the current status and problems of diet and nutrition and health of Chinese residents, and provide a strong force for the revision of the "Chinese Residents Dietary Guidelines" Scientific basis.

Ding Gangqiang, vice chairman of the Chinese Nutrition Society, made a report

Yang Xiaoguang, Vice Chairman of the Chinese Nutrition Society presided over the meeting

Ding Gangqiang, vice chairman of the Chinese Nutrition Society and director of the Institute of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, represents the scientific report working group of "Chinese Residents Dietary Guidelines", from the research on nutrition and health status of Chinese residents, food and health scientific evidence research, and foreign dietary guidelines research In three main aspects, the main content of the "Report" was interpreted in detail.

Media Q&A

1.
The "Report" analyzes the current status and problems of Chinese residents' diet, nutrition and health

The "Report" pointed out that over the 70 years since the founding of New China, my country’s nutritional security and supply capabilities have been significantly enhanced, the health of the people has continued to improve, and the average life expectancy has increased from 35 to 77.
3 years.
The problems of undernutrition and physical development of residents have continued to improve.
This is reflected in the adequate dietary energy and macronutrient intake of residents, the continuous increase in high-quality protein intake, the continuous increase in average height of residents, and the significant reduction in growth retardation rate of children under 5 in rural areas.
These are the main contributions to adequate food supply and improved dietary quality.
 

Affected by factors such as the unbalanced level of social and economic development, the aging of the population and the unhealthy diet and lifestyle, there are still some nutrition and health problems that need to be solved urgently in our country.
First, the problem of dietary imbalance is prominent, and it has become a major risk factor for the occurrence of chronic diseases.
High-oil and high-salt intake is still widespread in our country.
The consumption of sugary drinks by teenagers is increasing year by year, and the intake of whole grains, dark vegetables, fruits, milk, fish, shrimp and soybeans is generally insufficient.
2.
The lifestyle of residents has changed significantly, the total amount of physical activity has decreased, the control of energy intake and consumption has become unbalanced, overweight and obesity have become an important public health problem, and the problem of diet-related chronic diseases has become increasingly serious.
The third is the uneven development of urban and rural areas, and the food structure in rural areas needs to be improved.
The intake of milk, fruits, aquatic products and other foods of rural residents is still significantly lower than that of urban residents.
Nutritional science education such as oil and salt intake and food diversification is in urgent need of sinking to the grassroots.
Fourth, the nutritional problems of key populations such as infants, pregnant women, and the elderly deserve special attention.
Fifth, the food waste problem is serious, and the residents' nutritional literacy needs to be improved.

2.
The "Report" collects and analyzes new evidence from diet and health research

On the basis of "Food and Health—Scientific Evidence Consensus (2016)", the working group has updated the evidence in the past five years and collected more than 30 different foods (and processed foods) and health, dietary patterns and health, physical activity and Health and other domestic and foreign scientific research documents, with reference to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and GRADE evaluation system, conducted evidence evaluation, put forward my country’s food and health evidence evaluation methods and conclusion recommendations, and organized dozens of nutrition, medicine, and medical sciences.
Experts in epidemiology and other disciplines conducted analyses and discussions, and comprehensively evaluated more than 200 scientific recommendations on food and health, scientific recommendations on dietary patterns and health, and scientific guidance on physical activity and health.

The "Report" shows that with the development of society and economy and the obvious changes in residents' dietary patterns and lifestyles, there is more evidence for the association between excessive or low intake of various types of food and disease risk.
The main dietary factors associated with the risk reduction of major health outcomes are summarized in the article: whole grains, vegetables, fruits, soybeans and their products, milk and their products, fish, nuts, drinking water (tea drinking), etc.
, with all levels of evidence Class B.
Excessive intake of dietary factors that can increase the risk of adverse health outcomes are mainly: animal meat, smoked meat, salt, alcohol, sugary beverages, oil, etc.
, and the level of evidence is B and above.

The "Report" also particularly emphasized the importance of dietary patterns.
In recent years, the relationship between diet and health has shifted from a single nutrient or single food to a study on the relationship between dietary patterns and overall health status or disease risk.
The balanced diet model is designed based on the principles of nutritional science and the reference intake of dietary nutrients for residents.
Following a balanced diet for a long time is an important cornerstone for longevity and prevention of diet-related chronic diseases, and can reduce the risk of all-cause death.
The results of the study on the influence of different dietary patterns of Chinese population on health outcomes show that the Jiangnan region is characterized by more fruits and vegetables, more fish and shrimp aquatic products, regular consumption of milk and soy products, appropriate amounts of cereals, meat and poultry, and light cooking and less salt.
The model represents the oriental healthy dietary model.
In areas with these dietary characteristics, people have a lower risk of developing diseases such as overweight and obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and stroke.

The "Report" also provides evidence that maintaining a healthy weight and physical activity are associated with health.
There is evidence that underweight or overweight can have a significant impact on health, and the level of evidence is B.
At present, there is sufficient evidence that insufficient physical activity can lead to excessive weight gain.
More physical activity is not only conducive to maintaining a healthy weight, but also reduces the risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and certain cancers and all causes of death The risk of death and the improvement of brain health are recommended for A grade.

3.
The "Report" collected and studied the key recommendations of dietary guidelines from countries around the world

In the "Report", the full text of 46 English versions of dietary guidelines and 91 dietary guidelines graphics from different countries (regions) are sorted out, and the relevant key recommendations, food information and consumption guidance information are collected and studied.
The ten keywords with the highest frequency in the recommended entries of the national guidelines are as follows: "vegetables/fruits", "salt/sodium", "fat", "sugar", "sports", "water", "milk and products", and "cereals".
"Fish" and "Diversity of Food".
The dietary guidelines of countries around the world pay more and more attention to the balance, rationality and health of dietary patterns.
Different regions and countries propose different healthy dietary patterns in order to prevent and control diseases according to their respective dietary characteristics, such as the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, and the DASH diet.
American healthy meals, etc.
The "Report" uses the method of literature search and review to illustrate the research results of representative diet patterns and health relationships at home and abroad.

4.
The "Report" focuses on the construction of a healthy China and puts forward policy recommendations on the implementation of reasonable dietary actions

The first is to update the dietary guidance documents based on evidence.
On the basis of fully considering my country’s changing nutrition and health status and prominent nutritional problems, using evidence-based nutrition as a means, guided by scientific evidence, and fully considering public policy development trends, the "Chinese Residents’ Dietary Guidelines" are regularly revised to Meet the needs of the healthy development of the people.
Second, it is problem-oriented, based on the concept of omni-directional influencing factor intervention, with a balanced diet as the core, and proposed precise nutrition guidance measures.
The third is to aim at the prevention of chronic diseases and lead a healthy lifestyle in an all-round way.
It is particularly emphasized that obesity has become the primary risk factor threatening the health of Chinese residents, and has become the common pathological basis of many chronic diseases (including cancer).
The advocacy and implementation of a healthy lifestyle is inseparable from a healthy food consumption environment.
The fourth is to construct a new food production, processing and consumption model based on nutrition orientation.
The concept of nutrition and health runs through the various links and systems of food production, processing, cooking, purchase, and dining to create a healthy food consumption environment.
Fifth, take the construction of a nutrition talent team as an initiative to promote and practice a healthy China.
Governments at all levels should strengthen the training and team building of nutrition professionals (registered dietitians, public nutritionists, nutrition instructors, etc.
), national nutrition week, healthy lifestyle activities and other publicity and education activities as the implementation of reasonable diet actions and the realization of healthy China action goals Important measures.

The "Report" focuses on the main key issues of the nutritional and health status of Chinese residents.
It uses the scientific research results of dietary nutrition and lifestyle and health as evidence to provide an important reference and scientific basis for the revision of dietary guidelines.
The report released this time is a condensed version of the "Scientific Research Report on Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2021)", which can be inquired and read on the official website of the Chinese Nutrition Society (website: WeChat public account: China Nutrition Industry); The original is divided into five parts: my country's nutrition and health status, food and health evidence, and analysis of dietary guidelines in various countries.
It will be published by the People's Medical Publishing House in the near future.
 

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