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The article is from the NEJM Journal Watch on
the relationship between
physical and mental activity, diet, and dementia risk Review by Jennifer Rose V.
Molano, MD
from U.
K.
Biobank Research, UK.
Two analyses from the Biobank Study further explored the relationship between
lifestyle factors and dementia risk.
Lifestyle may be a modifiable risk factor
for dementia.
The two research teams prospectively analysed data from the UK Biobank study with the aim of identifying dementia risk
associated with physical and mental activity patterns (PA/MA) and ingestion of ultra-processed foods (UPF).
In both studies, none of the participants had dementia at baseline
.
Physical and mental activity was determined by questionnaire data, and UPF intake was determined
by data from at least two 24-hour dietary assessments.
Covariates included demographics, socioeconomic factors, drinking/smoking status, body mass index, geographic-based deprivation levels, comorbidities, and cognitive function, and the UPF study also included sleep duration, total energy intake, and healthy eating scores
.
In PA/MA studies, genetic susceptibility is determined
by identified genetic risk factors and a self-reported family history of dementia.
All-cause dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), is based on hospital diagnostic codes and death records
.
In the PA/MA study, 501,376 participants at baseline (mean age, 56 years; 46% were men) received an average follow-up of 11 years, with 5,185 developing dementia, including 1,561 AD and 803 VaD
.
Regular high-intensity exercise and other sports, housework activities, and frequent meetings with relatives and friends can reduce the risk of dementia by 15%~35%.
Results were similar
for AD and VaD, as well as in the setting of high and low genetic risk of dementia.
In the UPF study, 72,083 participants at baseline (mean age, 62 years; 47% were men) received a median follow-up of 10 years, of whom 518 developed dementia, including 287 AD and 119 with VaD
.
In a fully adjusted model, the highest quartile of UPF intake was associated with approximately 50% increased risk of dementia and tripled the risk of VaD
compared to the lowest quartile of UPF intake.
A 10% increase in the percentage of UPF in the diet was associated with an increased risk of dementia and VaD by about 25%; Associated with a 14% increased risk of AD, this association is borderline-significant
.
Switching 10% of the UPF in the diet to the same proportion of unprocessed or minimally processed foods was associated with
a 19% reduction in the risk of dementia.
Commenting on these findings, patients should be encouraged to adopt a healthy lifestyle to reduce dementia risk, which includes engaging in physical and mental activity and choosing a healthy diet (unprocessed or minimally processed foods).
The effect of other lifestyle factors (e.
g.
, sleep duration included as a covariate in the UPF study but not in the PA/MA study) on dementia risk may further illustrate this association
.
Articles that are commented on
Related reading
.
NEJM Medical Frontiers is translated several times a week, published on the app and official website, and selected 2-3 articles are published
on WeChat.
Copyright Information This article is translated, written or commissioned
by Jiahui Medical Research and Education Group (J-Med) and the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).
The full Chinese translation and the figures contained therein are exclusively licensed
by NEJM Group.
If you need to reprint, please leave a message or contact nejmqianyan@nejmqianyan.
cn
.
Unauthorized translation is an infringement and the copyright owner reserves the right to
pursue legal responsibility.
the relationship between
physical and mental activity, diet, and dementia risk Review by Jennifer Rose V.
Molano, MD
from U.
K.
Biobank Research, UK.
Two analyses from the Biobank Study further explored the relationship between
lifestyle factors and dementia risk.
Lifestyle may be a modifiable risk factor
for dementia.
The two research teams prospectively analysed data from the UK Biobank study with the aim of identifying dementia risk
associated with physical and mental activity patterns (PA/MA) and ingestion of ultra-processed foods (UPF).
In both studies, none of the participants had dementia at baseline
.
Physical and mental activity was determined by questionnaire data, and UPF intake was determined
by data from at least two 24-hour dietary assessments.
Covariates included demographics, socioeconomic factors, drinking/smoking status, body mass index, geographic-based deprivation levels, comorbidities, and cognitive function, and the UPF study also included sleep duration, total energy intake, and healthy eating scores
.
In PA/MA studies, genetic susceptibility is determined
by identified genetic risk factors and a self-reported family history of dementia.
All-cause dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), is based on hospital diagnostic codes and death records
.
In the PA/MA study, 501,376 participants at baseline (mean age, 56 years; 46% were men) received an average follow-up of 11 years, with 5,185 developing dementia, including 1,561 AD and 803 VaD
.
Regular high-intensity exercise and other sports, housework activities, and frequent meetings with relatives and friends can reduce the risk of dementia by 15%~35%.
Results were similar
for AD and VaD, as well as in the setting of high and low genetic risk of dementia.
In the UPF study, 72,083 participants at baseline (mean age, 62 years; 47% were men) received a median follow-up of 10 years, of whom 518 developed dementia, including 287 AD and 119 with VaD
.
In a fully adjusted model, the highest quartile of UPF intake was associated with approximately 50% increased risk of dementia and tripled the risk of VaD
compared to the lowest quartile of UPF intake.
A 10% increase in the percentage of UPF in the diet was associated with an increased risk of dementia and VaD by about 25%; Associated with a 14% increased risk of AD, this association is borderline-significant
.
Switching 10% of the UPF in the diet to the same proportion of unprocessed or minimally processed foods was associated with
a 19% reduction in the risk of dementia.
Commenting on these findings, patients should be encouraged to adopt a healthy lifestyle to reduce dementia risk, which includes engaging in physical and mental activity and choosing a healthy diet (unprocessed or minimally processed foods).
The effect of other lifestyle factors (e.
g.
, sleep duration included as a covariate in the UPF study but not in the PA/MA study) on dementia risk may further illustrate this association
.
Articles that are commented on
[1] Zhu J et al.
Physical and mental activity, disease susceptibility, and risk of dementia: A prospective cohort study based on UK Biobank.
Neurology 2022 Jul 27; 99:e799.
(https://doi.
org/10.
1212/WNL.
0000000000200701)
[2] Li H et al.
Association of ultraprocessed food consumption with risk of dementia: A prospective cohort study.
Neurology 2022 Jul 27; 99:e1056.
(https://doi.
org/10.
1212/WNL.
0000000000200871)
Related reading
NEJM Journal Collection
Published by NEJM Group, NEJM Journal Watch invites internationally renowned doctors to review important papers in the medical field to help doctors understand and apply the latest developments.
NEJM Medical Frontiers is translated several times a week, published on the app and official website, and selected 2-3 articles are published
on WeChat.
Copyright Information This article is translated, written or commissioned
by Jiahui Medical Research and Education Group (J-Med) and the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).
The full Chinese translation and the figures contained therein are exclusively licensed
by NEJM Group.
If you need to reprint, please leave a message or contact nejmqianyan@nejmqianyan.
cn
.
Unauthorized translation is an infringement and the copyright owner reserves the right to
pursue legal responsibility.
