The Production Process of N-[1,1'-Biphenyl]-4-yl-9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine

N-[1,1'-Biphenyl]-4-yl-9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine, also known as Bayferrox Brown HT, is a dye intermediate that is widely used in the production of textile dyes.
The production process of Bayferrox Brown HT involves several stages, including the synthesis of the starting materials, the reaction of the intermediate compounds, and the purification and isolation of the final product.

The synthesis of the starting materials typically involves the reaction of aniline with formic acid and sodium hydroxide to produce o-aminophenol.
This is followed by the treatment of o-aminophenol with sodium hydroxide and bromine to produce o-bromoaniline.
The o-bromoaniline is then nitrated with nitric acid to produce o-nitroaniline.
The final step in the synthesis of the starting materials involves the reduction of o-nitroaniline with hydrogen in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as palladium on barium carbonate, to produce o-aminonitrobenzene.

The reaction of the intermediate compounds involves the treatment of o-aminonitrobenzene with N-bromosuccinimide in the presence of a solvent, such as acetone, and a base, such as sodium hydroxide.
This reaction leads to the formation of N-bromo-o-aminonitrobenzene, which is then treated with potassium permanganate to oxidize the bromide to a functional group that is suitable for further reaction.

The final step in the production process involves the treatment of the N-bromo-o-aminonitrobenzene with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a solvent, such as ethyl acetate, and a catalyst, such as palladium on barium carbonate.
This reaction leads to the formation of N-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl-9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine, also known as Bayferrox Brown HT.

The purification and isolation of the final product involves the use of various techniques, such as column chromatography, to remove impurities and to obtain the pure product.
The product is then typically dried and packaged for use in the production of textile dyes.

The production of Bayferrox Brown HT is a complex process that involves several stages and the use of various reagents and catalysts.
The purity and quality of the final product are critical to its use as a starting material in the production of textile dyes.
The production process must be closely monitored and controlled to ensure the optimal yield and purity of the final product.