The Production Process of 4-CHLORO-N,N-DIMETHYL-PYRIDINE-2-CARBOXAMIDE

The production process of 4-chloro-N,N-dimethyl-pyridine-2-carboxamide, commonly known as DCB (dichlorobenzene), is an important synthetic step in the chemical industry.
DCB is widely used as a chemical intermediate in the production of a variety of chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dye stuffs.
The following is a detailed overview of the production process of DCB.

Step 1: Chlorination of Benzene
The first step in the production of DCB is the chlorination of benzene.
Benzene is a toxic liquid with a sweet odor, and it is used as a starting material for the production of a variety of chemicals.
In the chlorination process, benzene is treated with chlorine gas under pressure, which results in the formation of chlorobenzenes.
The reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, to enhance the reaction rate.

Step 2: Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzenes
The next step in the production of DCB is the hydrolysis of chlorobenzenes.
In this step, the chlorobenzenes produced in the previous step are treated with water under acidic conditions to form N,N-dimethylaniline.
The reaction is catalyzed by a strong acid, such as sulfuric acid, and is carried out at a temperature of 80-100°C.

Step 3: Condensation of N,N-Dimethylaniline
The next step in the production of DCB is the condensation of N,N-dimethylaniline.
In this step, N,N-dimethylaniline is treated with formaldehyde under the presence of a catalyst, such as sodium hydroxide, to form N,N-dimethyl-o-phenylenediamine.
The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 90-100°C.

Step 4: Etherification of N,N-Dimethyl-o-Phenylenediamine
The next step in the production of DCB is the etherification of N,N-dimethyl-o-phenylenediamine.
In this step, N,N-dimethyl-o-phenylenediamine is treated with ethylene dichloride under the presence of a catalyst, such as aluminum chloride, to form N,N-dimethyl-2,6-dichloro-o-phenylenediamine.
The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 80-100°C.

Step 5: Reduction of N,N-Dimethyl-2,6-Dichloro-o-Phenylenediamine
The next step in the production of DCB is the reduction of N,N-dimethyl-2,6-dichloro-o-phenylenediamine.
In this step, N,N-dimethyl-2,6-dichloro-o-phenylenediamine is treated with hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst, such as palladium on barium oxide, to form N,N-dimethyl-2,6-dichloropurine.
The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 40-50°C.

Step 6: Formation of DCB
The final step in the production of DCB is the formation of DCB.
In this step, N,N-dimethyl-2,6-dichloropurine is treated with a base, such as sodium hydroxide, to form DCB.
The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 80-100°C.

DCB is a versatile chemical intermediate and can be further transformed into a wide range