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The production process of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, also known as calcidiol, is a complex and multi-step process that involves several chemical reactions.
In the chemical industry, it is widely used as a starting material for the production of various vitamin D3 derivatives, such as 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, also known as calcitriol, which is used to treat vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis.
The production process of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 starts with the extraction and purification of cholesterol from animal sources, such as sheep's wool or cow's udder.
This is followed by a series of chemical reactions that convert cholesterol into vitamin D3.
The first step in this process is the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone, a precursor of all the steroid hormones, including vitamin D3.
This conversion takes place through a series of enzymatic reactions, including the cleavage of the side chain of cholesterol by cholesterol oxidase, followed by the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone by a series of enzymes, including 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
The next step in the production process of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 is the conversion of pregnenolone into 17-hydroxypregnenolone, a precursor of vitamin D3.
This conversion takes place through a series of enzymatic reactions, including the conversion of pregnenolone into 17-hydroxypregnenolone by 17,20-lyase.
The final step in the production process of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 is the conversion of 17-hydroxypregnenolone into 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.
This conversion takes place through a series of enzymatic reactions, including the conversion of 17-hydroxypregnenolone into 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-17-monooxygenase.
The industrial production process of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 typically involves the use of microorganisms, such as yeast or bacteria, to convert cholesterol into vitamin D3.
This process is more cost-effective and less time-consuming than the traditional chemical synthesis process.
The microorganisms are engineered to express the en
