The Production Process of 2-Phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde

The production process of 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde is a multi-step process that involves several chemical reactions and purification steps.
The following is a detailed explanation of the production process of 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde.

Step 1: Production of N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-amine
The production of 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde begins with the production of N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-amine.
This compound is synthesized by reacting phenylacetamide with lithium hydride in the presence of a solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide.
The reaction produces N-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrimidine-2-amine, which is then reduced using hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium on barium oxide.

Step 2: Production of N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-one
N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-amine is then converted into N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-one through a nitration reaction using nitrating agents such as nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

Step 3: Production of 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid
N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-one is then treated with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as Raney nickel to produce 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid.

Step 4: Production of 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde
2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid is then converted into 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde through a hydrolysis reaction using a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid.

Step 5: Purification
The final step in the production process of 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde is purification.
This is done by dissolving the crude product in a solvent such as water and then extracting with a solvent such as ether.
The ether layer is then dried and the solvent is evaporated to obtain pure 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde.

Conclusion
The production process of 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde involves several chemical reactions and purification steps.
The process begins with the production of N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-amine and then continues with the nitration of N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-amine to produce N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-one.
2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid is then produced from N-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-one, followed by the hydrolysis of 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid to produce 2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde.
The final step in the production process is purification of the crude product.