The "Pan" Forum and the Online Exchange Meeting on Research Progress and Scientific Research and Academic Discussion on Depressive Disorders ended successfully

In order to further broaden the international vision and help doctors in the field of psychiatry clinical and scientific research, the "Online Exchange Conference on Research Progress and Scientific Research and Academic Discussion on Depressive Disorders" hosted by the COP Chinese Edition Compilation Department was successfully concluded on November 11
.
This conference invited well-known experts in the field of psychiatry in China to share and interpret hot articles and research methods in COP journals, exchange hot topics at home and abroad, and integrate academic ideas, aiming to promote the academic development
of the field of psychiatry in China.

Group photo of participating experts

At the beginning of the conference, Professor Wang Xiaoping from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University delivered a speech and introduced
the academic process.

Professor Wang Xiaoping delivered a speech

The first phase of the conference – thematic sharing

The first phase of the conference was chaired by Professor Yang Fude of Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, and two experts shared
their topics.

Moderator: Professor Yang Fude

Professor Wang Yongjun of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital first shared a meta-analysis published by Stanford University - functional neuroimaging student biomarkers for resilience in major depressive disorder (MDD
).
The study aims to outline the definition and determinants of resilience in neuroimaging studies of MDD; To summarize the emerging literature on functional neuroimaging biomarkers of MDD resilience, and explore their clinical relevance and implications
for future research.

Key points of the study:

Resilience to MDD is characterized by the separation of activation and functional connectivity of cognitive control, emotion regulation, and reward networks in the brain compared to individuals with MDD
, individuals experiencing a chronic course of MDD, and healthy controls.

Increased activation of brain regions of the frontal cortex involved in cognitive assessment and emotion regulation is characteristic of
MDD resilience.

The new research sites explore dynamic environmental stressors and neurobiomarkers of developmental experience resilience, revealing the complex relationship between genetic and environmental risk, a unique factor in
MDD resilience.

Key element 1: Assessing factors conducive to resilience in high-risk settings

Resilience in adolescents at high risk of MDD
.
Neuroplasticity during adolescence is strong and may provide a higher potential
for MDD resilience.
In addition, neural networks involved in cognitive control and emotion regulation in adolescence have matured, and brain networks are also experience-dependent plastic.

Therefore, elucidating biomarkers of adolescent MDD resilience may help to develop more targeted, neurobiologically focused prevention and intervention approaches to enhance MDD resilience
.

Resilience to MDD in adults
.
There are currently fewer
studies on MDD resilience in adults.
Researchers have investigated neuromarkers of resilience in adults with first-degree relatives with MDD
.
It was found that resilience appeared to be related to
amygdala activity, as well as functional connections between the cingulate gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus, among others.

Main content two: the neural basis of MDD resilience

The plasticity of brain networks responsible for cognitive, emotional and reward processing appears to affect the likelihood of
recovering from depression after antidepressants (AMD) and psychotherapy.
The stronger the baseline functional connection between ECM and DMN, the more likely it is to react to ADM
.
During response inhibition, greater functional connections between DLPFC, superior marginal gyrus, and MFG predict the success of
the response to ADM in depressed individuals.
Anteromedial PFC-enhanced inactivation and greater DLPFC enhancement activation, as well as inversely correlated with DMN, are also associated
with subsequent depressive symptoms and improvements in working memory.
These findings suggest that greater ECN activation and functional connectivity predict a more favorable
course of treatment for MDD.

Main content three: the reward circuit is related to response to treatment and refractory course of the disease

The study found that the dynamic response of the ventral striatum to reward expectations and prediction errors in patients with depression before treatment moderated the likelihood
of treatment response to ADM.
In addition, increased functional connectivity of the nucleus accumbens before and after ADM treatment was associated with
altered function in the area of quality of life.
These findings suggest that different reward circuit profiles are associated with a good treatment course for MDD, including symptoms and quality of life outcomes
.

In conclusion, this study explores functional neuroimaging biomarkers of resilience to depression, and is expected to be a target for new approaches to prevent and treat depression
.
Focusing on neuroimaging biomarkers for identifying depression resilience will advance understanding of how best to promote depression resilience in high-risk individuals and those with MDD who have favorable disease trajectories
.

Professor Wang Yongjun shared the topic

At the end of the sharing, Professor Yang Fude commented on the study and shared his experience
.
At present, many patients with depression are still difficult to cure, and if biomarkers of depression can be found, sensitive drugs screened out, or the neurobiological basis related to their current symptoms will help to target treatment
for patients.
At present and for some time to come, the field of functional imaging of depression is an important direction of our research, which will help the future precision treatment and new drug development
.

Next, lecturer Zhang Lu from Metz Medical shared the topic of SCI structured writing and norms
.
Lecturer Zhang Lu shared in detail the structure of SCI papers, the writing methods and contents of each part, combined with examples of published literature
.
Lecturer Zhang Lu pointed out that for SCI articles, it is necessary to highlight key words, fully express the content of the paper with the minimum number of words, and highlight the important information of the article in front
.
The abstract section needs to be polished
.
The preface part mainly leads to the story of the research, and the structured writing generally follows the large background (research significance) and the small background (research progress), puts forward unsolved problems in the research progress, and then puts forward the research hypothesis and purpose
.
The methodology part should pay attention to logic, do not lack key information, and the presentation of the result part chart should be clear
.
The discussion section mainly discusses the importance, innovation, and practicality of research
.

Lecturer Zhang Lu shared the topic

At the end of the sharing, Professor Yang Fude commented on the study and shared his experience
.
Professor Yang also emphasized the structure and normativity of research paper writing, and reiterated the importance
of research innovation for article publication.

Expert discussion

In this session, Professor Luo Qinghua from the First Affiliated Hospital of Intensive Care and Professor Wan Qirong from Wuhan University People's Hospital discussed and shared their experience on the following two topics
.

What are the new implications for the future prevention and treatment of depression in the study of functional neuroimaging biomarkers of resilience to depression?

ü In what order is the general order of reporting when writing methodology?

Professor Luo Qinghua and Professor Wan Qirong shared their experiences on resilience to depression from their past experiences
.
For SCI thesis writing, the two professors also agreed with the content shared by Lecturer Zhang Lu, and briefly shared their early thesis work experience
.

Discussion by participating experts

Finally, Professor Yang Fude summarized
the topics and discussions of the first phase of the conference.

The second phase of the conference - thematic sharing

The second phase of the conference was chaired by Professor Rong Han of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, and Professor Guo Wanjun from Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital gave a special sharing
.

Moderator: Professor Rong Han

Professor Guo Wanjun first shared the topic
of bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (II): new options for depression treatment.
Professor Guo pointed out that bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets are actually an "old drug", but due to insufficient understanding of it, it has led to insufficient use, and it is hoped that through this theme sharing, bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets
can be better applied.

Research status and progress
of depression.
Mental disorders are one of the top ten disease burdens in the world, and the new crown epidemic has aggravated the mental and psychological problems
of patients.
In China, the prevalence of depressive disorders is high and the treatment rate is low, which causes a serious burden
for patients and society.

The treatment of depression, in addition to controlling symptoms, hopes that patients can return to society, ensure quality of life, prevent recurrence of the disease, and restore the psychosocial functioning
of patients.
However, epidemiological results show that only about one-third of patients can achieve the goal of
clinical cure.
It should also be noted that in the process of drug treatment, the most intolerable side effect of patients is becoming fat, which greatly affects the patient's
treatment compliance.
At present, there is no absolute advantage in efficacy of one drug over others, but it has its own characteristics for different populations and has large differences
in tolerability.

Bupropion: a new option
for depression treatment.
Bupropion is the only dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), which is recommended as a first-line drug by authoritative depression treatment guidelines in China
.
In addition, many authoritative BD guidelines and protocols recommend bupropion as the preferred antidepressant
.
Multiple studies have confirmed that bupropion is comparable to SSRIs, and it is also effective in patients with anxiety and SSRIs resistance, and the efficacy can be improved again when combined with the drug, and the adverse reaction rate is low, and the impact on body weight is small
.

Professor Guo Wanjun shared the topic

Expert discussion

In this session, Professor Zhang Yan from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and Professor Wang Weiwei from Shanghai Hongkou District Mental Health Center had a lively discussion
on the clinical advantages of bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (II) compared with other antidepressants.

Professor Zhang Yan first shared three opinions on this issue: symptom-based treatment is an important direction for future diagnosis and treatment; symptom-based treatment may enable personalized diagnosis and treatment; Through case sharing, the unique pharmacological mechanism of bupropion may improve the treatment
of some refractory patients.

Professor Wang said that at present, the incidence of depression is rising, but the diagnosis and treatment rate is insufficient, so it is necessary to improve the diagnosis and treatment rate
of patients.
In the process of diagnosis and treatment, how to achieve initial optimization of treatment is very important, bupropion has its own unique advantages in terms of clinical cure rate and adverse reactions, and medication methods can also improve patient compliance
.

Discussion by participating experts

At the end of the meeting, Professor Wang Xiaoping made a comprehensive summary
of the topics and discussion content of the conference.
Professor Wang pointed out that the incidence of depression is high and the burden of disease is heavy, but the diagnosis and treatment rate is insufficient
.
At present, the research on depression is still relatively shallow, and there is still a long way to go in the future, and this process will gradually bring the treatment of depression to precise treatment
.
In the future, the mechanism exploration of depression needs to be more in-depth, including the dataization of clinical work, large-scale cohort studies, and personalized treatment
.
Finally, the writing of SCI papers is very important for young doctors, and they need to continue to learn and improve their thinking and research ability
in the process of learning.