The next restrictive amino acid in pig and poultry diet.

Restrictive amino acids (LAA) refer to the content of one or more essential amino acids in a given feed or diet that is lower than the required amount of animals, and because of their deficiencies, the use of other essential and non-essential amino acids in animalsTherefore, the determination of restricted amino acids (LAAs) and meeting the needs of animals are critical to the growth and production performance of animalsIn fact, the process of studying the amino acid needs of pigs and poultry is to constantly discover and solve the problem of restrictive amino acids in different types of dietCurrently, the restricted amino acids (LAA) identified are Lysine (Lys), Thr, methionine (Met) and TrypRecent studies have shown that proline (Val) will be the next restricted amino acid in pig and poultry dietsRecently, DrEtienne Corrent of the Agro Paris Tech elaborated further on this2Rf1, the biological function of proline 2Rfand lysine (Lys), thr, methine (Met) and tryp , and proline (Val) is an essential and indispensable nutrient for pigs and poultrySince animals cannot synthesize proline (Val), they must be ingested from the diet to meet the needs of the animals, so they are essential amino acidsVal is the 5th restrictive amino acid (LAA) of the post-tpnophine (Trp) pig, the fourth restricted amino acid (LAA) of the post-tat (Trp) broiler, and for the lowest needs of these animals, Val appears to be a nutrient that is lackingNow, by adding feed-grade proline (Val) to the diet, it is technically possible to technically prepare a diet containing six amino acids that limit the performance of animalproduction2Rfval as an essential amino acid, in addition to the synthesis of proteins, is also indispensable for animal growth and reproductionIn special physiological periods, valoxy seismoxia, regulate skeletal muscle protein turnover, improve the lactation performance of sows, and affect the immune response of pigsNew research has found that increasing sow's proline intake during pregnancy and lactation can significantly improve piglet growth, increase sow lactation, and reduce sow weight loss 2Rf 2, piglets of proline needs 2Rf the recommended amount of proline (Val) in national research institutions as shown in Table 1 The recommended requirement uses an average of 70% standard reintestinal digestion (SID) Val:Lys In addition to the need for these recommendations, there is currently less research on the need for proline (Val) 2Rf In order to further study the demand for proline (Val) in piglets, Ajinomoto Eurolysine SAS conducted an increased dose response test A prerequisite is the amount of proline (Val) required to be expressed as relative lysine (Lys) to ensure that Lysine is the second limiting factor for performance after proline (Val) in the test diet and that there is no lack of other essential amino acids (Boisen, 2003) The effect of lysine (Lys): the proportion of proline (Val) on the average daily weight gain (ADG) in the selected test was studied In most trials, piglets achieve the best performance when the proportion of SID lysine (Lys): Val is 70% to 75% For each trial, the statistical models listed in Table 2 were used to determine the SID lysine (Lys) of piglets: the required amount of proline (Val) 2Rf the results were similar in terms of average daily weight gain (ADG), average daily harvest (ADFI) and feed conversion rate (FCR), with 71%, 73% and 71% of SID lysine (Lys): Val, respectively Based on this, it can be concluded that 70% of SID lysine (Lys): The proportion of proline (Val) is an estimate of the minimum demand for piglets 2Rf 3, proline: a restrictive amino acid 2Rf because of the different amino acid composition of the feed and the animal needs different amount of amino acids, can produce amino acids on animal production performance restrictions For each animal, the ranking of restricted amino acids and the likelihood of a decrease in crude protein depend on the ideal amino acid pattern seamounts and available feed ingredients By understanding the valine needs of piglets, you can assess the extent to which the growth limit of the piglets is Barea et al (2009) tested the effects of the ratio of SID proline (Val) or ile (Ile) to Lysine (Lys) in 4 diets fed by 12 to 25 kg piglets The ratio of SID proline (Val) to Lysine (Lys) increased from 57% to 70% and the ratio of SID isofyline (Ile) to Lysine (Lys) increased from 50% to 60% The results showed that an increase in val (25%) significantly increased the average daily weight gain (ADG), but the increase in ileinin (Ile) did not show this effect As a result, val is restrictive before ile, and the need for ile may be lower than the actual recommended amount The conclusions of Mavromichalis et al (1998), Lordelo et al (2008) and Barea (2009) confirm this relatively low ile (Ile) demand (50% SID Ile: Lys) Recently, Wiltafsky et al (2009) proposed a SID Ile: Lys needs 49% to 54% when Ile does not have a quantity (108% SID Leu: Lys), but may be high in the case of ile (Ile) excess In fact, the branched amino acid saurate parts all have a common metabolic pathway, which causes these amino acids to interact 2Rf 4, the actual effect of proline on piglets 2Rf and 70% SID Val:Lys, in the current actual feeding of piglets feed, proline (Val) is generally insufficient, need to provide additional piglets in the feed (Val) Therefore, the addition of L-Proline (L-Valine) for feed can improve the production performance of piglets Data from the dose response trial showed that L-Valine could increase the average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion rate (FCR) of piglets Research by Lordelo et al (2008) showed the effect of adding or not adding L-Valine to reduce crude protein (CP) in 7 to 23 kg piglets, and the results showed that high CP levels (20.5%) were found in controlled daily grains Adding L-Lineine (L-Valine) can reduce the dac CP by 3.5 percentage points without adverse effects on production performance In addition, reducing the incidence of diarrhea and nitrogen excretion can also significantly reduce the incidence of diarrhoea and nitrogen excretion 2Rf 5, dose response studies of broilers 2Rf studies show that in wheat or barley-based broiler diet (de Blas, 2008) and in corn-based broiler diet (Fernandez et al., 1994), proline (Val) is also a restrictive amino acid Recently, Corzo et al (2007) added several separate amino acids (L-proline, L-ileucine, L-ianine, L-arginine, or L-glycenine) to the basic diet of corn-soan meal, which reduced CP content, on the performance of 21 to 42-day-old broiler As a result, the addition of proline (Val) resulted in the best improvement in the production performance of broiler In the same study, the dose response to Val:Lys was studied Using the curvilinear-plateau model to describe the weight gain reaction, the attraction was determined to be 81% SID Val:Lys The same reaction was reported to FCR and chest meat (weight and yield) These results are consistent with the recommendations of the NRC (1994), Mack, etc (1999), Schutte, etc (1999), which are 82%, 81% and 80% Val:Lys (SID), respectively 2Rf 6, Conclusion 2Rf In recent years, the influence and importance of proline (Val) on the performance of livestock and poultry has attracted wide attention and conducted in-depth research Studies have shown that the lack of proline (Val) in japanese food can seriously affect the production performance of pigs and broilers Therefore, this essential amino acid must be carefully monitored in the feed industry to avoid affecting the production performance of pigs and broilers due to insufficient levels of proline (Val) in feed 2Rf studies have shown that proline (Val) is important for nursing sows Improving the level of feed proline (Val) can increase milk production and increase the weight of piglets' nests, especially for sows with more than 10 weaned pigs The amount of proline (Val) needs is much higher than the recommended amount of the feeding standard and is associated with lysine (Lys) levels When lysine (Lys) levels in feed exceed 0.8%, proline (Val) becomes the first restricted amino acid in feed for lactating sows 2Rf According to the study estimates that the minimum demand for proline (Val) in piglets is 70% SID Val: Lys, and 80% of broiler chickens Today, the usefulness of feed grade L-proline can meet the need for proline (Val), rather than increasing the level of crude protein in the diet, which can help reduce adverse health and environmental effects In addition, L-proline provides an opportunity to increase feed lysine levels, while the ideal amino acid model ensures a strong improvement in productivity 2Rf restricted amino acids (LAA) are those that contain less than one or more essential amino acids in a given feed or diet, and because of their deficiencies, limit the use of other essential and non-essential amino acids in animals Therefore, the determination of restricted amino acids (LAAs) and meeting the needs of animals are critical to the growth and production performance of animals In fact, the process of studying the amino acid needs of pigs and poultry is to constantly discover and solve the problem of restrictive amino acids in different types of diet Currently, the restricted amino acids (LAA) identified are Lysine (Lys), Thr, methionine (Met) and Tryp Recent studies have shown that proline (Val) will be the next restricted amino acid in pig and poultry diets Recently, Dr Etienne Corrent of the Agro Paris Tech elaborated further on this 2Rf 1, the biological function of proline 2Rf and lysine (Lys), thr, methine (Met) and tryp , and proline (Val) is an essential and indispensable nutrient for pigs and poultry Since animals cannot synthesize proline (Val), they must be ingested from the diet to meet the needs of the animals, so they are essential amino acids Val is the 5th restrictive amino acid (LAA) of the post-tpnophine (Trp) pig, the fourth restricted amino acid (LAA) of the post-tat (Trp) broiler, and for the lowest needs of these animals, Val appears to be a nutrient that is lacking Now, by adding feed-grade proline (Val) to the diet, it is technically possible to technically prepare a diet containing six amino acids that limit the performance of animalproduction 2Rf val as an essential amino acid, in addition to the synthesis of proteins, is also indispensable for animal growth and reproduction In special physiological periods, valoxy seismoxia, regulate skeletal muscle protein turnover, improve the lactation performance of sows, and affect the immune response of pigs New research has found that increasing sow's proline intake during pregnancy and lactation can significantly improve piglet growth, increase sow lactation, and reduce sow weight loss 2Rf 2, piglets of proline needs 2Rf the recommended amount of proline (Val) in national research institutions as shown in Table 1 The recommended requirement uses an average of 70% standard reintestinal digestion (SID) Val:Lys In addition to the need for these recommendations, there is currently less research on the need for proline (Val) 2Rf In order to further study the demand for proline (Val) in piglets, Ajinomoto Eurolysine SAS conducted an increased dose response test A prerequisite is the amount of proline (Val) required to be expressed as relative lysine (Lys) to ensure that Lysine is the second limiting factor for performance after proline (Val) in the test diet and that there is no lack of other essential amino acids (Boisen, 2003) The effect of lysine (Lys): the proportion of proline (Val) on the average daily weight gain (ADG) in the selected test was studied In most trials, piglets achieve the best performance when the proportion of SID lysine (Lys): Val is 70% to 75% For each trial, the statistical models listed in Table 2 were used to determine the SID lysine (Lys) of piglets: the required amount of proline (Val) 2Rf the results were similar in terms of average daily weight gain (ADG), average daily harvest (ADFI) and feed conversion rate (FCR), with 71%, 73% and 71% of SID lysine (Lys): Val, respectively Based on this, it can be concluded that 70% of SID lysine (Lys): The proportion of proline (Val) is an estimate of the minimum demand for piglets 2Rf 3, proline: a restrictive amino acid 2Rf because of the different amino acid composition of the feed and the animal needs different amount of amino acids, can produce amino acids on animal production performance restrictions For each animal, the ranking of restricted amino acids and the likelihood of a decrease in crude protein depend on the ideal amino acid pattern seamounts and available feed ingredients By understanding the valine needs of piglets, you can assess the extent to which the growth limit of the piglets is Barea et al (2009) tested SID proline (Val) or isolitastalyve in 4 daily foods fed by 12 to 25 kg piglets.