The main problems of high quality special wheat in China

Introduction: according to the statistics of relevant departments, the national high-quality special wheat reached 93 million mu in 2001, an increase of 32.8% year on year Among them, Shandong and Henan have reached 20 million mu and 15.14 million mu respectively The production area of high-quality special wheat is expanding year by year, which shows that the adjustment of agricultural planting structure in China has achieved remarkable results At the same time, due to the late start of wheat optimization in China, some places are interfered by administrative instructions, which inevitably leads to a rush of tide The overall situation of wheat optimization should not be blindly optimistic 1 The overall level of domestic high-quality wheat varieties is poor k8z According to the survey of ten large flour mills, there is still a significant gap between the overall quality of China's high-quality wheat and that of imported wheat The quality of the same variety and different producing areas is quite different, and the test results of each flour factory are also quite different from those of the agricultural department Quite a part of "high-quality wheat" has not reached the national standard, and its protein content has a poor ability to characterize the eating quality, resulting in the production of flour food (such as bread) with high protein content which can not meet the requirements of high gluten It is required that wheat with low protein content will produce food with low gluten requirement (such as pastry) with excessive gluten The protein content of some bread quality wheat is higher than 16% (the national standard is not lower than 14%), and some even up to 21%, but the baking quality can not catch up with the imported wheat whose protein content is only 12% - 14% Therefore, it is difficult to process high-quality flour that can meet the requirements of special flour by using domestic high-quality wheat When enterprises produce high-grade special flour, they usually need to add a certain proportion of imported wheat However, the number of imported wheat circulating in the market this year is limited, which is basically stored up after importing in the previous years Therefore, many flour mills have adjusted the formula and used domestic wheat as much as possible The grade of wheat and its products has been lowered accordingly K8z 2 The supply and demand structure of domestic high-quality wheat is not reasonable According to the statistics of the national grain and oil information center, the output of high-quality wheat in China this year is 16.47 million tons The total supply and demand has basically reached a balance, but the structure is still in an unbalanced state The demand for special biscuits and pastry wheat in China has far exceeded the demand for special bread wheat, but at present, bread wheat is the majority of the high-quality wheat varieties that have been cultivated and promoted, while only a few mature biscuits and pastry wheat varieties From the processing situation of flour mills, most of them still rely heavily on imported soft wheat when they produce special biscuits and pastry flour, some even use imported soft wheat In addition, the supply and demand of steamed bread and dumpling wheat, which account for most of the demand, has exceeded the demand in total amount However, a considerable part of them are only suitable for making steamed bread and dumpling by hand Once they are in mechanized production line, they cannot do anything Therefore, the supply of high-quality special steamed bread and dumpling wheat is still insufficient, and the manufacturers still produce dumplings of export grade Some or all of the imported wheat is used K8z 3 High planting cost and unreasonable variety structure of domestic high quality wheat k8z According to some flour mills, at present, some high-quality and strong gluten wheat varieties in Northeast and Inner Mongolia, such as triticale, wildcat and greyne, are close to imported wheat in quality, and some indexes even exceed Canadian hard wheat However, due to the small output, high price and transportation cost, the price of wheat transported to southern port even exceeds the price of imported wheat, and some wheat quality It is unstable, with high water content when harvesting, and easy to mildew during transportation, so flour mills in other provinces are hard to enjoy In addition, some high-quality weak gluten wheat produced in Jiangsu Province, whose quality is close to that of aomai, is mainly used by flour mills in local and nearby provinces for the same reason, and the market supply is very short But some other varieties such as Yumai 34, Yannong 15 and so on have sufficient market supply, relatively low price, and relatively large consumption of flour mills, but generally reflect serious quality degradation K8z to sum up, compared with imported wheat, there is still a certain gap in the overall quality of high-quality wheat in China, and the market supply and demand structure is still in an unbalanced state K8z (author:) shared on feed Weibo to: