The main contents of China's grain market opening up required by China's accession to WTO

Introduction: market opening is the core content of WTO trade rules, which has a direct impact on domestic grain production and circulation, that is, the relevant commitments to open the grain market It is understood that after China's accession to the WTO, the main contents of China's commitment to the opening of grain market can be summarized as five points: first, gradually reducing tariffs From January 1, 2002, China will fulfill the duty of tariff reduction in 2002, which is promised by WTO The total tariff level of agricultural products (excluding aquatic products) will be reduced from 22.1% to 15.8% The tariff of wheat, corn and rice imported within the quota is 1%, vegetable oil is 9%; the tariff of wheat and corn imported outside the quota is reduced from 71% to 65%, rice is reduced from 74% to 65%; soybean and barley are subject to single tariff management, the import tariff is 3%; the additional import tariff of vegetable oil is more than 75% in 2002, and it is reduced to 65% in 2005 Second, the implementation of tariff quota management According to the regulations, in the first 3-4 years after China 's accession to the WTO, China will implement tariff quota management on the import of major grain and oil varieties The quota amount must be distributed to the enterprise on January 1 of each year and announced to the society By the end of September, state-owned enterprises will have to redistribute the quotas they cannot use up Low tariff shall be applied to the import of agricultural products within the quota, and high tariff shall be applied to the distribution of additional agricultural products The initial quota of wheat, corn and rice was 18.388 million tons, and the final quota was 22.156 million tons The initial quota of vegetable oil is 5.797 million tons, and the final quota is 7.998 million tons Third, we should emphasize the necessity of private enterprises According to the information of relevant departments, a part of the annual quota of agricultural products import must be allocated to non-state-owned trading enterprises, and it is clearly stipulated that if the quota of state-owned enterprises is not used up, it should be reallocated among private enterprises In 2002, the private sector accounted for 10% of the quota for wheat, 32% for corn, 50% for rice and 66% for vegetable oil The initial quota for the three major grain varieties was 4.714 million tons Fourth, market access of TCK wheat TCK is short black ear disease After infected with TCK, the yield and commercial value of wheat decreased In order to prevent TCK from being introduced into China through trade, China has imposed an import embargo on wheat produced in seven states in the Pacific Northwest since 1972 In the agreement on agricultural cooperation between China and the United States reached in 1999, the Chinese government changed the embargo policy from the perspective of overall interests, agreed to accept wheat with low pollution detected by both sides, and was ready to take corresponding measures to minimize the impact on domestic wheat production Fifth, eliminate export subsidies China promises not to subsidize the export of any agricultural products, especially corn, rice and other products after China's accession to the WTO.