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Three main phases of the experiment of Whitmore et al.
For those who rarely forget faces but have trouble remembering names, the way to improve learning may be right next to your pillow
A new study from Northwestern University is the first to demonstrate the effect of memory reactivation during sleep on face name learning
The researchers found that when people reactivated newly learned associations between faces and names while napping, their memory of names improved significantly
"This is an exciting new finding about sleep because it tells us that the way in which information is reactivated during sleep to improve memory storage is associated with high-quality sleep," said Nathan Hui, lead author of the study.
The paper, "Directed memory reactivation of face-name learning is dependent on adequate and undisturbed slow-wave sleep," will be published Jan.
The paper's lead author is Ken Paller, a professor of psychology and the Cognitive Neuroscience program at Northwestern's Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences at Northwestern.
The team found that memory reactivation was not helpful, and could even be harmful, for study participants whose EEG (a recording of electrical activity in the brain picked up by electrodes on the scalp) showed disrupted sleep
The study involved 24 participants, aged 18-31, who were asked to remember the faces and names of 40 Latin American history students and 40 Japanese history students
When the participants woke up, they were again tested to recognize faces and recall the names of each face
The findings on the relationship between sleep disruption and memory accuracy are noteworthy for several reasons, the researchers said
"We already know that sleep disorders such as apnea impair memory," Whitmore said
The lab is conducting a follow-up study aimed at reactivating memory and deliberately disrupting sleep in order to learn more about the brain mechanisms involved
"This new research will allow us to address a number of interesting questions, such as whether sleep disruption is always harmful, or whether it can be used to impair unwanted memories," said Paller, who also serves on the faculty of Northwestern University's College of Arts and Sciences.
DOI
10.
1038/s41539-021-00119-2
