The June 2020 issue of Cell had to look at highlights.

June 30, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- BioValley BIOON/--- June 2020 is coming to an end, what are the highlights of the June Cell journal? The editor has organized this and shared it with you.
1.
. Cell: Structurally revealing the human antibody characteristics associated with SARS-CoV-2 sting proteins
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.025 in a new study, researchers from the California Institute of Technology and Rockefeller University described the recognition of polyclonal G G and their Fab fragments from the plasma of COVID-19 rehabilitation people for the coronavirus S protein. They found that these plasma IgGs identify edited S proteins for SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV.related findings published online June 23, 2020 in the journal Cell, with the title "Structures of Human antibodies to SARS-CoV-Spike 2 Reveal Common sphotos and recurrent sons of antibodies". The paper's authors are Dr. Michel C. Nussenzweig of Rockefeller University and Dr. Pamela J. Bjorkman of the California Institute of Technology. The paper's first author is Christopher O. Barnes of the California Institute of Technology.
picture source: fr.wikipedia.org.using electron microscopes, the researchers studied the specificity of the plasma polyclonal antibody Fab fragments, revealing that they identify s1A and RBD epitopes on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein. In addition, the cryoscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the single-clone neutralized and antibody Fab fragment-prion protein complex with a resolution of 3.4 e revealed a epitope that blocks the binding of ACE2 receptors. Modeling based on these structures shows that IgG has different potential for S-protein crosslinking on the surface of the coronavirus than fab fragments, and that IgG may not be affected by the identified SARS-CoV-2 S protein mutation.
2.
. Cell: Scientists have developed a new type of blood test that could effectively improve screening of people with liver cancer
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.038 Recently, scientists from the National Cancer Institute and others in the United States have developed a new test that can help identify the more likely liver cell cancer (HCC), Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of liver cancer in the population of hepatocellular carcinoma, a new method that uses simple blood tests to check whether a patient has been exposed to a specific viral infection.in-depth study, the researchers found that the occurrence of cancer was affected by the interaction between the virus and the immune system, so the researchers wondered whether the interaction between the virus and the host immune system increased the body's risk of HCC; to analyze the possibility, the researchers examined the participants' blood samples to look for the "footprints" left by past viral infections, which are left on antibodies that reflect how the body's immune system responds to infections, and the mixture of each body's footprints creates a special pattern of exposure to the virus.the researchers then tested more than 1,000 different viral footprints in blood samples of about 900 people, including 150 HCC patients, and identified specific viral exposure markers that accurately distinguish between HCC patients, patients with chronic liver disease and healthy volunteers, including footprint information from 61 non-pass-through viruses; The markers of blood samples were analyzed in 73 patients with chronic liver disease, and 44 participants developed HCC during the study period, and when the patient's cancer was diagnosed, using blood samples to be analyzed, the researchers were able to accurately identify specific markers from individual organisms with HCC, and more importantly, when the researchers used blood samples taken at the beginning of the study to study them, they were still able to detect them.
3.
. Cell: Build a widely useful model for COVID-19 incidence, vaccination and treatment
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.010 the new coronapneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a highly toxic form of pneumonia, with nearly 8 million confirmed cases and 430,000 deaths worldwide as of June 15, 2020. The rapid development of vaccines and treatments is critical. As an ideal animal for evaluating such interventions, mice were resistant to SARS-CoV-2, mainly because mice did not express SARS-CoV-2 into the cell's receptor angiotensin-enzyme 2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2) receptor.In order to establish a mouse model that can infect SARS-CoV-2 for research and development of new coronary pneumonia pathology, vaccines and therapeutic drugs, researchers from Guangzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Province Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, University of Iowa and other units of Jincun Zhao, University of Iowa. Led by Professor McCray Jr. and Professor Stanley Perlman, a mouse model for the study of COVID-19 pathology, vaccine sororities and therapeutic efficacy was developed, and the results of the study, entitled "Generation of a Broadly Useful Model for COVID-19 Engeis-19 Vaccine," and "Generation of Broadly Useful Model for COVID-19 Engeis- Vaccination." Treatment.". Photo Source: .In the study, researchers developed the mouse model through an exogenous transmission of the defective adenovirus (Ad5-hACE2). The researchers found that Ad5-hACE2 sensitised mice exhibited COVID-19 symptoms, characterized by weight loss, severe lung pathology and high titration virus replication in the lungs.researchers also found that in these mice, type I interferon, T cells and, most importantly, signal converters and transcription activator 1 (STAT1) were critical for virus removal and disease resolution. Ad5-hACE2 transduction mice were able to quickly evaluate candidate vaccines, human recovery plasma, and two antiviral therapies (poly I: C and Redsewe).
4.
. Cell: The mouse SARS-CoV-2 infection model reveals the protective effect of neutralizing antibodies
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.011 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic of millions of people infected. One limitation in evaluating potential therapies and vaccines to suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection and improve the disease is the lack of a large number of susceptible small animal models. Commercially available laboratory mice were less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 because of species-specific differences in their angiotensin-enzyme 2 (angiotensin-enzymeing 2, ACE2) receptors.developed a new model of SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice in mice based on the study, published in the journal Cell, "A-CoV-2", published in the journal Cell, led by Michael S. Diamond, a professor in the Department of Medicine, Pathology and Immunology, and The Department of Molecular Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, and the University of Washington School of Medicine.in the study, the researchers successfully transmitted the replication defect adenovirus encoded in human ACE2 (hACE2) to BALB/c mice through nasal administration, successfully expressing hACE2 receptors in the lung tissue of mice. The researchers then infected the mice with SARS-CoV-2 virus. It was shown that the mice transinated by hACE2 were effectively infected by SARS-CoV-2, which led to high viral titer in lung tissue, lung pathology characteristics of new coronary pneumonia in mice, and weight loss.to reveal the therapeutic effects of neutralizing antibodies, the researchers treated the mice with neutral monoclonal antibodies. The researchers found that neutralizing antibody therapy reduced the burden of the virus on the lungs, reducing inflammation and weight loss symptoms.
5.
. Researchers at Westlake University, Wen Medical University and Dean Diagnostics published the Cell paper! Details of the serotype and metabolic characteristics of patients with new coronary pneumonia
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.032 In a new study, researchers from Westlake University, Wenzhou Medical University and the Diagnostic Dean Kelespectrum Laboratory in China speculated that SARS-CoV-2-induced characteristic molecular changes could be detected in patients with severe COVID-19 serum. These molecular changes may shed light on the development of patient treatments. To test this hypothesis, they used proteomics and metabolomics techniques to analyze serogroups and metablegroups from PATIENTs with COVID-19 and several control groups. related findings were published online May 27, 2020 in the journal Cell, with the title "Proteomic and Metabolomic Sera of COVID-19 Patient Sera". The authors are Dr. Yi Zhu and Tiannan Guo of Westlake University, Huafen Liu of Dean Diagnostics Keleto,and Haixiao Chen of Wenzhou Medical University. The first authors of the paper are Xiao Yi and YaoTing Sun of Westlake University; Chao Zhang and Sheng Quan of Dean Diagnostics At The Kelletspectrum Laboratory; and Bo Shen, Xiaojie Bi and Juping Du of Wenzhou Medical University. . SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious and puts enormous pressure on health systems around the world. After the outbreak of COVID-19, the pathogen had limited information, mainly due to biosafety constraints, and the new study was unable to collect large numbers of clinical samples. In the patient steam of the study, the median age of severe patients was about 12 years older than that of non-severe patients, so the effect of age on interpretation of these data could not be accurately determined. Severely ill patients also exhibit slightly higher body mass index (BMI) and a higher proportion of comorbidities, such as diabetes, which may affect serum metabolomic characteristics. Samples from some severe cases were collected before or after the diagnosis of severe cases, although most were collected near the date of diagnosis. Nevertheless, gender, age, and different hospital stays and sampling times did not substantially distort biological differences in the global proteomics and metabolic spectrum. While these confounding factors may be mitigated in future studies, the authors do find a number of promising biomarkers. the proteomics and metabolomics analysis in this new study is not absolutely quantified. If this model is to be applied to the clinic, these molecules need to be more rigorously quantified and widely validated using standard peptides and metabolites. The effects of drugs, including traditional Chinese medicine, on proteomics/metabolites spectrum also need to be assessed. These serum samples are collected at different points in the disease process, which may be used to explore molecular dynamics in the progression of the disease. However, the sample size is quite small. Future studies of serums collected at more time point will require rigorous time analysis. . 6.
Cell Depth Interpretation! Lack of sleep can be life-threatening! Scientists have found that sleep deprivation can lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen in the intestines, which in turn can lead to premature death!
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.049 . The initial symptoms of lack of sleep are familiar to all, including fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, and rarely experience the consequences of prolonged sleep deprivation, including disorientation, paranoia and even hallucinations. The fact that sleep is a pervasive behavior, and the fact that severe sleep deprivation is fatal, supports the idea that sleep is essential to the body's survival, but researchers do not yet know the causeof seismoxia; in a recent study published in the international journal Cell, "Sleep Loss Can Can Group of Life Through Life Of The Life Of The Gut", researchers from Harvard Medical School found that lack of sleep or oxygen inthere in the body accumulates. , researchers used fruit flies and mice to study it and found that sleep deprivation/loss causes the body's reactive oxygen (ROS, r).