The Instruction of Pyrimidine, 2-methyl-4-(2-thiazolyl)-

The pyrimidine molecule is a key structural component of many important natural products, drugs, and industrial chemicals.
One of the most important methods for the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives is the Pyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione (Urushide) synthesis, which involves the condensation of 2-methyl-4- (2-thiazolyl) pyridine with acetylene.

This reaction was first reported in 1962 by J.
E.
Jenkinson and F.
G.
A.
Stone, following a search for new synthetic routes to the pyrimidine alkaloids found in the cinchona tree.
The Urushide synthesis has become a classic reaction in organic chemistry, and has been widely used as a synthetic method for the preparation of pyrimidine derivatives.

The Urushide synthesis begins with the reaction of 2-methyl-4-(2-thiazolyl) pyridine with acetylene in the presence of a strong acid catalyst, such as sulfuric or phosphoric acid.
The reaction proceeds through a free radical mechanism, in which the acetylene molecule abstracts a hydrogen atom from the pyridine molecule, forming a carbocation.
This carbocation then reacts with the second pyridine molecule to form the pyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione.

One of the advantages of the Urushide synthesis is its tolerance of a wide range of functional groups, making it a versatile method for the synthesis of a variety of pyrimidine derivatives.
For example, the Urushide synthesis can be used to synthesize pyrimidine derivatives bearing functional groups such as alkyl, halogen, or hydroxyl groups.
This makes it a valuable synthetic method in the chemical industry, as pyrimidine derivatives are widely used as starting materials for the synthesis of a variety of chemicals and materials.

Another advantage of the Urushide synthesis is its high yield and selectivity.
The reaction typically affords a high yield of the desired product, and the use of a strong acid catalyst can help to increase the selectivity of the reaction.
This makes it an efficient and cost-effective method for the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives.

In addition to its use in the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives, the Urushide synthesis has also been applied in the synthesis of other important natural products and drugs, such as the antiviral drug oseltamivir (Tamiflu).
Oseltamivir is used to treat influenza and is structurally related to the pyrimidine derivative urushide.

The Urushide synthesis is a useful synthetic method for the preparation of pyrimidine derivatives, and its use in the synthesis of oseltamivir demonstrates its potential as a tool for the synthesis of other important natural products and drugs.
Its broad applicability and high yield and selectivity make it a valuable method in the chemical industry.