The influence of deciphering animal epidemic on animal husbandry in China

Introduction: new page 1 since 2004, China will decrypt the animal epidemic situation in stages, and regularly announce the new animal epidemic situation at home and abroad to all countries and the world organization for animal health (OIE) Once a major epidemic occurs in a province, which cannot be controlled within the specified time, the Ministry of agriculture will declare the province as an epidemic area, and other places can refuse or block livestock products from the province This measure will have a serious impact on the export of livestock products, market sales and consumer psychology of residents, the healthy development of animal husbandry and the increase of farmers' income Some experts predict that the impact of declassification on agriculture and national economy will be no less than "SARS" This year is the third year of the transition period China will fully open its domestic market by the end of 2005, and foreign agricultural products with high quality and low price will enter China more smoothly, which may pose a major challenge to China's animal husbandry At present, 85% of livestock meat in China is raised in a decentralized household way, and the production and epidemic prevention are not standardized Compared with developed countries such as the United States, there is a large gap in scale, quality and efficiency At the same time, pesticides, hormones, veterinary drugs and heavy metal elements exceed the standard Therefore, it is often difficult to pass the international quarantine At present, the export accounts for only 1% of the output Technical barriers to trade make it difficult for China to export livestock and poultry products: for example, the requirements of the United States for the quality, health and safety of imported meat products are constantly improving, followed by the European Union, Canada and other countries, which have also formulated new health standards These technical barriers to trade have a huge impact on China's meat exports Q4a animal epidemic declassification may have an impact on China's animal husbandry: q4a 1 The construction of animal breeding system and disease prevention and control system will be gradually standardized, and the production and export will be in line with international standards This provides a good opportunity for the development of high-quality feed and non residual veterinary products Q4a strengthens the construction of animal epidemic prevention and control system Local people's governments at all levels will attach great importance to the prevention and control of animal epidemics and implement the principle of prevention first Strengthen the quarantine of animals and animal products in their places of origin and slaughtering Strengthen port quarantine and strictly prevent the introduction of animal epidemics from abroad We will improve the regulations, quality standards and supervision system for veterinary drug management, implement the quality management standards for veterinary drug production, implement the veterinary drug residue monitoring plan, increase efforts to investigate and deal with the production and sale of fake and inferior veterinary drug products, and ensure the safety and health of veterinary products Q4a to strengthen the construction of livestock and poultry breeding system At the same time of making full use of the existing livestock and poultry varieties in our country and increasing the efforts of breeding, we will actively introduce foreign excellent varieties to improve the production and quality of livestock products We will strengthen the protection of livestock and poultry germplasm resources, and focus on building a number of livestock and poultry breeding farms (stations) and Germplasm Resources Protection farms (areas) Establish various kinds of production bases for breeding livestock and poultry We will improve the quality supervision system for breeding livestock and poultry, strictly implement the production and operation license system for breeding livestock and poultry, and protect the interests of farmers and herdsmen Q4a China is the second largest animal feed producer in the world Only to ensure the health and safety of animal feed can guarantee the health quality of meat products The importance of strengthening management in this area is self-evident Feed is not only the food for animals, but also the indirect food for human beings The feed added with hormone, sedative, chromium, arsenic and other harmful substances can remain in muscles, viscera, blood and eggs once the animal is eaten, thus causing harm to human health This provides a good opportunity for the development of high-quality feed and non residual veterinary products Q4a at the same time, the construction of efficient and safe feed production and supervision system will also strengthen the supervision on the production and safety of genetically modified livestock and poultry products Q4a2 The export volume of livestock and poultry in China is affected, and the export benefit will be reduced in a certain period At present, the "green trade barrier" of livestock products in q4a is showing a trend of increasing safety standards Firstly, the inspection standard is generally improved and the scope of inspection index is expanded For example, the hygienic requirements of frozen meat in Russia are more strict, and the limit and quantity of pesticide residues are increased, which were originally only 10 kinds and 4 kinds with residue limit, now it is increased to 59 kinds and 24 kinds with residue limit; in addition to the above hygienic requirements, the health requirements of animals, processing quality and storage time of frozen meat, packaging materials and marks are also clearly specified The EU is more demanding At the beginning of this year, the European Union thought that chloramphenicol residues were detected in chicken, rabbit meat and frozen shrimp imported from China, and the forbidden content was 200mg / kg chloramphenicol, which is difficult to detect in China Q4a second is a strict certification system and cumbersome inspection procedures, which makes it difficult for China's export enterprises to adapt If the United States requires poultry meat to enter the country, it must first come from countries and manufacturers recognized by the food safety inspection agency (FSIS) of the United States Department of agriculture No matter which country wants to obtain the qualification of poultry meat export to the United States, FSIS will evaluate the detection system of that country Technical experts shall evaluate the relevant laws, regulations and other written materials of the applicant country for document review If the documents pass the examination, FSIS will send a technical expert group to carry out field visit, including factory equipment, facilities, laboratories, training programs and factory inspection If FSIS determines that the inspection system of the country is basically equivalent to that of the United States, the country will be eligible to export poultry meat to the United States The practices of other developed countries are similar At present, there are not many enterprises in China that can meet the requirements of the above countries The establishment of q4a international green technology standard has greatly increased the cost of animal products exported to China, and in a certain period of time, the export efficiency will be reduced Q4a3 The export volume of live pigs and poultry will have a greater impact The processing of pork and chicken will mainly be intensive processing, small packaging, semi-finished products and chilled meat products The purpose of cost saving and efficiency increasing will be achieved by increasing the added value of products Beef exports are likely to rise to some extent The export price of aquatic products has a comparative advantage Q4a the production of meat and aquatic products in China ranks first in the world for many years In recent years, China's total output of meat is more than 60 million tons, and the total output of aquatic products is more than 40 million tons Except for poultry, the prices of major meat products in China are lower than those in the international market The prices of pigs, cattle and sheep are 57%, 84% and 54% lower than the average level of WTO members Obviously, after China's accession to the WTO, the export prices of products have comparative advantages At the same time, China also has refrigeration facilities with a total capacity of more than 3 million tons and a nationwide sales network, which will contribute to the export of livestock and poultry products Q4a4 Some animal protection products, such as semi synthetic antibiotics, animal specific antibiotics, Chinese herbal medicine, etc., will sell well in the market Q4a semi synthetic antibiotic: semi synthetic antibiotic is a mainstream in the development of veterinary medicine at home and abroad It has the advantages of more stable nature, stronger effect, lower toxicity, less investment in research and development, and not easy to be copied For example, ceftiofur and tilmicosin are under development and application Q4a animal specific antimicrobial: from the perspective of the world market of animal health products, due to the problem of drug resistance caused by the use of antibiotics, animal specific chemical synthetic antimicrobial drugs are popular In recent years, a number of new fluoroquinolones have been developed at home and abroad, such as sarafloxacin, difluorofloxacin, etc these drugs have the advantages of fast curative effect, wide antibacterial spectrum, convenient use and low cost This kind of drugs are strictly controlled in foreign countries Currently, only anthrofloxacin, sarafloxacin and difloxacin are allowed to be used in edible animals Q4a is low toxic, residue free and highly effective With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the demand for consumption of animal products has changed from quantity to quality In this century, animal products will take "three no" -- no epidemic disease, no residue and no pollution as the development mainstream Attention should be paid to avoid the development of human and animal drugs Q4a new Chinese herbal medicine preparation: Chinese herbal medicine has dual effects of individual and group prevention and control, which can not only carry out group prevention and control of animal diseases, but also promote individual growth and development Chinese herbal medicine can improve the nutrition and the conversion rate of feed It also has two-way regulatory effect and hormone like effect, which does not lead to drug resistance Chinese herbal medicine has the characteristics of wide resources, easy to breed, easy to collect, simple to manufacture, low cost, long-lasting effect, no residue or low residue In the development of Chinese herbal medicine, advanced technological process should be used to produce new varieties and preparations with high bioavailability and strong targeting Q4a microecological biological veterinary drugs: microecological biological veterinary drugs are safe, residue free and pollution-free green environmental protection drugs In 1996, the Ministry of agriculture of China officially approved the production of six kinds of biological veterinary drugs, including Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus faecalis, yeast and Bdellovibrio bacteriophage, but there is still a big gap with developed countries such as Europe and America Q4A