The harm and prevention of "three high" (hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension)

"Three highs", namely hyperglycemia, hypertension and hyperlipidemia These are common symptoms in modern society High blood pressure, blood sugar or blood lipid will bring extra burden to the body, and even lead to other metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and so on In view of the recent research progress in this field, a brief inventory is made 1 PLoS One: high blood pressure and high BMI will increase the burden on the heart According to the recent research results of researchers from QMUL, obesity or overweight will have a serious negative impact on the structure of the heart The research was published in the latest issue of PLoS One Using data from UK Biobank, the authors for the first time revealed the direct impact of being overweight on the weight and volume of the heart And its impact on other risk factors, such as hypertension The researchers used cardiovascular MRI to study the structure and function of the hearts of 4561 volunteers By correcting some risk factors, the authors examined the effects of a range of lifestyle factors (such as blood pressure, smoking history, BMI, exercise, cholesterol levels, alcohol consumption and diabetes) on heart health The results show that many risk factors will affect heart health in varying degrees, but the overall increase of heart weight is directly related to overweight and obesity Previous studies have identified the relationship between BMI and heart disease, but because BMI directly affects the occurrence of blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes, these factors will have an impact on heart health Recently, this study excluded the interference of the above factors and found the key evidence that BMI and hypertension affect the structure and function of the heart Steffen Petersen, the lead author of the study and a professor from QMUL, said: "we all know that our lifestyle has an important impact on heart health, especially for overweight or obese patients However, previous researchers did not fully understand the mechanism "Our research can help understand that unhealthy lifestyles increase the risk of heart disease BMI and high blood pressure increase the weight and volume of the heart, thus increasing the risk of heart disease 2 Maintaining a normal weight helps prevent hypertension A recent study found that maintaining a healthy weight is more conducive to controlling blood pressure stability than other healthy habits The results were presented at the recent American Heart Association hypertension consultation meeting "High blood pressure in young people is associated with an increased risk of heart disease and stroke "We focused on the effect of long-term healthy behavior on maintaining normal blood pressure," said Dr John n booth III, author of the study The researchers analyzed the influence of five healthy living habits on blood pressure in 25 years: 1 Healthy weight, i.e BMI less than 25kg / m2; 2 No smoking; 3 No drinking; 4 More than 150 minutes of moderate to high-intensity physical exercise every week; 5 Healthy diet 4630 volunteers between 18 and 30 years old were statistically analyzed, followed by a 25-year follow-up study to investigate the effect of blood pressure control The results show that people with healthy weight tend to maintain normal blood pressure more easily after old age Specifically, people with normal weight have a 41% lower risk of high blood pressure in old age than their peers Maintaining physical activity or a healthy diet will not be accompanied by blood pressure stabilization for the next 25 years Non smoking and non drinking slightly affect blood pressure levels in middle age, but larger studies are needed to confirm this In conclusion, the authors found that those who maintained more than four healthy behaviors maintained normal blood pressure 27% higher than those in other groups "These data show that weight is important for maintaining normal blood pressure in middle-aged people," booth said "Our results show that people should try to control their weight to reduce the risk of high blood pressure in middle-aged people." 3 Cell metabol: there is a magic way to prevent hypertension - the most common type of hypertension with free breathing accounts for nearly 95% of the patients Recently, it was published in the international journal Cell In a metabolism study, researchers from the University of Melbourne and the University of Macquarie said that if high blood pressure can be detected early, patients may be able to effectively prevent the occurrence of high blood pressure through qigong (breathing training) In this study, researchers found abnormal behavior among neurons in the brain that control breathing and blood pressure during the onset of essential hypertension There is no obvious reason for the occurrence of essential hypertension, which affects 30% of the global population health, and is also the main inducer of cardiovascular disease Professor Andrew Allen, the researcher, said the study elucidated the link between breathing and heart rate, which has long been understood in Eastern philosophy Cross country ski shooters often slow down their heart rate by adjusting their breath before shooting their rifles, while some Oriental meditation training, such as yoga and pranayama, always emphasize the correlation between breath and heart rate In this paper, the neurons identified by the researchers may serve as a potential target to help them develop therapies to prevent the rise of blood pressure in middle age However, when the plasticity of the nervous system is high, any intervention should be carried out in advance In adulthood, the interactions between these circuits are fixed, and any reduction in blood pressure through respiratory regulation appears to be transient The researchers pointed out that we found changes in the activity of neural circuits regulating respiratory rate and blood pressure in animal models By interfering with the activity between two groups of neurons in the brain of adolescence, the researchers may be able to significantly reduce the development of hypertension when an individual is in adulthood The functional connection between respiration and blood pressure can be made through the sympathetic nervous system, which can send nerve signals to the heart and blood vessels These changes in nerve activity can increase the fluctuation of blood pressure with each breath, and researchers have observed this phenomenon in animal models prone to high blood pressure in middle age and in young healthy adults Elephant This may suggest that researchers need to identify people with high risk of hypertension as early as possible Many patients with essential hypertension are relatively healthy in other aspects, especially some active people with a balanced diet, whose body often does not show any symptoms Finally, researcher Allen said that understanding the predictors of hypertension is crucial for us to better predict the risk of hypertension in the later stage and develop early intervention measures 4 Six meals a day is more conducive to the control of blood sugar level According to the results of a recent study presented at the annual meeting of the European Society for diabetes research, six meals a day is more conducive to the control of blood sugar for patients with type II diabetes or those with disorder of blood sugar homeostasis than the traditional three meals a day The study was conducted by Dr Emilia papakonstantinou and others from Athens Agricultural University in Greece The researchers compared the effects of the above two ways of eating on blood glucose metabolism and saturation when the intake of calories was equal Recently, some studies have found that lifestyle intervention can significantly alleviate or even inhibit the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in patients with early symptoms of diabetes However, the effect of dietary frequency on glucose metabolism is still unclear In this study, the authors divided 47 obese patients into three groups, two of which were in the early stage of diabetes, and the third group was in a complete disease state Patients received two different feeding arrangements, three times a day for 12 weeks and six times a day for the other 12 weeks The researchers analyzed blood samples from patients before and after the intervention, and tested glucose, insulin and other related biomarkers In addition, patients measured their body weight every day and provided daily hunger and appetite through questionnaires Although in general, the weight of the patients did not change much during the test period, eating six times a day significantly reduced the high level of insulin in the patients, and prolonged the time interval between glucose intake and peak blood glucose concentration In addition, the three groups of patients showed a decrease in hunger and eating desire In conclusion, the results of this experiment show that increasing the number of times of eating and dispersing the single amount of eating is an effective way to treat the blood glucose control ability of obesity patients with diabetes risk or at the stage of diabetes 5 Diabetes: exercise improves blood sugar and adds new evidence that muscle insulin resistance is one of the typical characteristics of type 2 diabetes, and it has existed for a long time before diabetes It is generally believed that sports can improve the control of blood sugar, but the hidden mechanism has not been fully understood During the process of physical exercise, the level of muscle oxygen will decrease, which will lead to the expression of transcription factor HIF-1a HIF-1a is a key transcription factor for many gene expression, so it may play an important role in skeletal muscle function and metabolism Recently, J ü rgen Eckel, a scientist from Germany, led the research team to find that HIF-1a plays an important role in glucose metabolism and insulin function of skeletal muscle The results were published in the international academic journal Diabetes They found that Rab20 and TXNIP are two new genes regulated by exercise / HIF-1a in skeletal muscle through gene expression analysis The absence of Rab20 can damage insulin stimulated glucose uptake, which can occur in both human and mouse skeletal muscles Further research shows that the absence of Rab20 can block the translocation of glucose transporter GLUT4 to the cell surface, resulting in the damage of glucose uptake by skeletal muscle cells In addition, TXNIP is a known regulatory factor that can negatively regulate the action of insulin, while exercise / HIF-1a can down regulate the expression of TXNIP and relieve its inhibition of insulin action In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate that HIF-1a can play a key regulatory role in skeletal muscle glucose metabolism by directly controlling the transcription of Rab20 and TXNIP At the same time, these results also suggest that HIF-1a may be a potential drug target In the future, HIF-1a expression can be influenced by drugs to improve the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle 6 NAT commin: reveal the mechanism of Stevia controlling blood glucose level, and what is the potential treatment for diabetes that makes Stevia taste so sweet? How does this sweet plant keep our blood sugar levels under control? In one