The Geriatric Nutrition Committee of Jiangsu Gerontology Society gives dietary advice to the elderly at home to cope with the new crown virus

The elderly are susceptible to infection by the new coronavirus due to factors such as aging, frequent comorbidities, and weak physical
fitness.
In addition to doing a good job of various protective work according to the reminders of the health department and the community, the elderly should also pay proper attention
to diet.
As the saying goes, the disease should be treated in three parts and nourished
in seven.
Nourishment is very important, and an important aspect of nourishment is dietary nutrition
.
The Geriatric Nutrition Professional Committee of Jiangsu Gerontology Society synthesized the opinions of a number of experts and put forward dietary suggestions for the elderly at home to cope with the new crown virus infection, and asked elderly friends to refer
to it selectively according to their own health conditions.

1.
Dietary recommendations to enhance immunity and reduce infection (adopted according to actual physical conditions).

General principles: meat and vegetarian combination, light diet, appropriate supplement of high-quality protein and vitamins, drink more water, enhance the
body's immunity.

Daily diet

1.
Ensure two large staple foods (rice noodles, coarse grains) and potatoes
every day.

2.
Eat about 1 fist (raw weight) of animal meat, poultry, fish and eggs
every day.
It is best to have one egg a day; Eat pork liver once a week; Eating seafood (fish) once a week is even better
.

3.
Drink milk (fresh milk or yogurt) every day, preferably up to about
300 grams.

4.
Have about five fists of fresh vegetables and fruits every day, and eat more green leafy vegetables
.
It is best to drink some silver ear soup (put 3 pieces of fresh ginger) every day, and eat about 1 tael of mushroom food
every day.

5.
Have an appropriate amount of soy products every day, 1 tael of dried tofu (vegetarian chicken) or about 2 taels of tender tofu per day; If necessary, an appropriate amount of nuts can be used to compensate
.

6.
Drink water and weak tea every day; Total water intake is not less than 1700 ml (equivalent to 8 disposable cups), drink less or try not to drink
.

7.
The elderly who usually eat greasy should eat
lightly.

8.
Winter nourishment, should not be excessive, should be according to the constitution of the tonic
.

9.
If the appetite is poor, the elderly with lower than the above recommended dietary intake can beat the food into a homogenization under the guidance of a doctor or dietitian, and select or add fortified foods, nutritional supplements or special foods and nutritional drugs
in a targeted manner.

2.
Dietary advice after symptoms of infection

After elderly friends are infected, they do not need fear, but should adjust their mentality, eat scientifically, reduce symptoms, recover as soon as possible, and return to normal life
.

General principles

Eat reasonably according to your physical condition, choose a light and easy to digest diet that suits you, drink more water, you can eat a small number of meals, to ensure sufficient nutrition, you must not eat
.
Elderly people with restricted eating (loss of appetite, diarrhea, abnormal taste or sudden decrease in eating) need to choose fortified foods, nutritional supplements or special foods and nutritional drugs
under the guidance of a doctor or dietitian.

Dietary advice for fever, muscle pain, fatigue

1.
Drink plenty of water, drink warm water, and do not drink cold or ice water (including when you have a fever).

You can also replenish water through clear soup, such as egg soup, vegetable soup, red bean soup, etc
.
Elderly people with kidney disease, heart disease, high blood pressure and other water and salt restrictions, must first consult a doctor
for drinking water.

2.
Choose liquid or semi-liquid and other easily digestible foods, such as (crushed vegetables) porridge, rotten (crushed vegetables) noodles, dumplings, (minced meat) custard, lotus root powder, meat floss, poached eggs, tofu soup, etc.
; When the body allows, you can choose rotten rice, minced meat (meat balls), fish, etc
.

3.
If there is no problem with the throat and stomach, it can be appropriately appetized
with vinegar.

4.
Eat fresh small pieces of fruit or drink juice (heatable).

5.
Daily supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin B complex (VC content within 1g per day).

Dietary advice for sore throat, cough, phlegm

1.
To drink water with a certain temperature, it should not be stimulated
by ice water and cold water.

2.
Eat fruits that can moisturize the lungs, such as pears, eat raw or heat them in water, or use steamed pears (put less rock sugar or honey).

3.
Cook less with sugar to prevent excessive
phlegm.

4.
Ensure sufficient intake
of staple foods, livestock, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, and soy products.

5.
Choose vegetables with soft texture and low dietary fiber content to reduce irritation to the pharynx, such as white radish
.

6.
When there is no fever and cold intolerance, try not to choose irritating foods, such as peppers, leeks, shallots, garlic and other foods and seasonings
.

Dietary advice in case of diarrhea

1.
Those with severe diarrhea should go to the hospital for treatment
.
For mild cases, drink more soup, you can drink light salt water or mineral water (kidney disease, high blood pressure, heart disease need to consult a doctor), it is best to drink a variety of light vegetarian soup, can not drink meat soup
.

2.
Choose foods containing less dietary fiber, such as young leafy vegetables, tomatoes, winter squash, cucumbers, steamed eggs, etc.
, and try to avoid celery, leeks, pea seedlings, radish, shallots, garlic and other foods
.

3.
Drink yogurt or probiotic drinks, you can temporarily avoid drinking full-fat fresh milk
.

4.
Eat small, frequent meals
.

5.
Less oil cooking, livestock and poultry fish and other meat food, depending on the physical condition gradually increased
.

6.
Eat soy products instead of whole beans
such as soybeans.

7.
The texture of the meal should be soft and easy to digest
.

8.
Do not use irritating foods or seasonings, such as coriander, curry, etc
.

Conjunctivitis dietary recommendations

1.
Drink more water, drink plain water, and should not drink any drinks
.

2.
Choose an appropriate amount of pork liver, dark vegetables, fruits such as greens, lettuce, citrus
.
Try not to eat vegetables raw
.
However, vegetables such as leeks, leeks, garlic seedlings, shallots, and garlic should not be selected
.

3.
Suitable meat food
.

4.
Don't drink alcohol
.

5.
Do not use irritating foods or seasonings, such as coriander, curry, etc
.

6.
Control the use of
sodium-containing foods such as salt and soy sauce.

Dietary advice for nasal congestion and runny nose

1.
Drink plenty of water, mainly
plain water.
Water
can also be provided in the form of porridge, soup, etc.

2.
Eat more fruits and vegetables, but pay attention to freshness
.

3.
Intake of various meat foods
according to physical condition.

4.
Ensure adequate intake
of staple foods.

Dietary recommendations for loss of smell and taste

1.
Do not use strong irritants to appetize, avoid using mustard, pepper, peppercorns, chili oil, curry, pepper, shallots, garlic, noodle sauce or bean paste, etc.
to taste, and should not use oil, salt, polysaccharide for cooking
.

2.
Drink plenty of water, you can drink tea
properly.

3.
Smell fruits and vegetables can be used to help seasoning, such as leeks, celery, camelin, cucumbers, carrots, lemons, grapefruit, mangoes, etc
.
Yogurt
can also be drunk.

4.
It can be seasoned
with vinegar appropriately.

5.
Daily intake of staple foods, livestock, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, etc
.
that meet the physical condition.

6.
Change cooking methods and food matching frequently, and stimulate the senses and stimulate appetite with variety changes and color changes
.

7.
If necessary, you can eat some fortified foods or health foods
containing zinc.

Preliminary review: Li Song Responsible editor: Xiao Zhihan Review: Ouyang Meihua