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Recent popular reports from Yimaike ★ Highlights of the American Gene and Cell Therapy Annual Conference Yimai Meng exposes materials ★ Nucleic acid technology is blooming, and a new type of circular nucleic acid eRNA is discovered Yimai Meng broke the news on May 14, 2021 / Yimai Ke News eMedClub News /--Recently, the anti-cancer girl Emily posted her anti-cancer photo on the Internet.
Now her cancer has not recurred for 9 years.
Seeing the slim girl in the photo, you can imagine she is a Anti-cancer patients? Emily was born on May 2, 2005.
Her arrival brought infinite joy to the family.
But the good times did not last long.
In 2010, 5-year-old Emily was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which was undoubtedly painful for the family.
After two rounds of chemotherapy, Emily's body went from bad to worse.
It was originally planned that Emily would need chemotherapy for 26 months, but at 16 months, her cancer recurred.
The doctor told Emily’s parents that chemotherapy would not work for Emily and that they could do nothing about Emily’s cancer.
On the verge of despair, they accidentally learned that the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the American Cancer Research Center are jointly conducting a new clinical trial for hematological tumors.
Although the results of the trial cannot be predicted, Emily’s parents realized , This may be the last chance of survival for her daughter.
So they came to the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Emily became the first child ever to receive CAR-T immunotherapy for leukemia.
In April 2012, the modified T cells were injected into Emily's body three times, and these cells were all extracted and cultured from her own cells.
After receiving treatment, Emily developed cytokine release syndrome, also known as cytokine storm, which is a common acute side effect of CAR-T therapy.
CAR-T cells proliferate in large numbers after contacting cells with tumor antigens, and produce a large number of tumor cells.
In this process, a series of cytokines are produced, forming a cytokine storm, and causing a series of damage syndromes to the body.
Emily gradually recovered from the adverse reaction after taking tocilizumab (an immunosuppressive drug).
After three weeks of treatment, the test results found that Emily's leukemia was effectively relieved.
Three and six months after receiving the treatment, the experts checked her bone marrow again and found that her condition did not recur.
Now that many years have passed, the CAR-T cells used to treat leukemia still persist in her body.
The powerful function of CAR-T therapy The human body has a powerful immune system to protect the human body from external bacteria and viruses.
The immune T cells in the blood are the main regulators, and the T cells have a strong attacking power.
, Once the cells are identified with bad molecules, they will be dispatched to kill these problem cells.
However, these cancer cells are very cunning.
They have mastered the way to evade the surveillance of the immune system during the long-term confrontation with T cells, and can avoid the hunting and killing of T cells, thus harming the human body.
Faced with this problem, scientists have conducted in-depth research to reprogram the T cells in the human body and install a CAR on the T cells, which is equivalent to installing a positioning and navigation device, transforming the ordinary "warrior" of T cells into a "super soldier" , Namely CAR-T cells, help T cells accurately identify and kill cancer cells.
Dr.
June’s team named this treatment method “CAR-T immunotherapy”.
Emily’s successful cure has set off global scientists’ pursuit of CAR-T therapy.
In 2017, two CAR-T products were successfully launched in the United States.
The door for CAR-T treatment of cancer has since been opened, attracting many pharmaceutical giants and companies.
Investor entry layout.
The continuous development of CAR-T therapy After years of development, CAR-T cell technology has gradually matured.
The current CAR structure has developed to the fourth and fifth generations.
The first generation CAR is composed of extracellular binding domain, hinge domain, transmembrane domain and signal domain.
There is only one intracellular signal transduction domain (mainly CD-3ζ or FcRγ), which only express single-chain antibodies on T cells and target tumor cell surface antigen molecules, but its short duration limits its effectiveness.
The second-generation CAR adds functional domains of costimulatory molecules, such as CD28 or 4-1BB.
This can promote cell proliferation, secretion of cytokines, prolong the survival time in the body, and resist apoptosis.
The third-generation CAR adds more costimulatory domains, such as CD28-4-1BB or CD28-OX40, to improve the viability of T cells.
The fourth-generation CAR, also called armored CAR, adds more functional domains, which can be derived from ligands of IL-2, IL-5, IL-12 or costimulatory molecules.
In the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, Recruit and activate more immune cells by releasing pro-inflammatory factors, causing a wider anti-tumor immune effect.
The fifth-generation allogeneic CAR-T, by knocking out genes that may cause immune rejection from allogeneic T cells, provides the possibility for the large-scale production and immediate application of CAR-T therapy.
Nevertheless, the curative effect of CAR-T treatment still needs to be optimized.
Its existing difficulties include application difficulties such as high recurrence rate, poor treatment effect of solid tumors, and long production cycle of autologous products; and side effects such as cytokine release syndrome and off-target toxicity.
.
Based on this, the industry is also actively seeking breakthroughs and vigorously developing innovative technologies to further promote the all-round development of CAR-T cell therapy.
In the second quarter of 2021, Medical Microbiology Class and Thermo Fisher Scientific will launch a series of online seminars on "Decoding Cellular Immunotherapy, Striving for the Present and the Future".
At that time, you are welcome to communicate and learn online! The third course will be launched at 20:00 on the evening of May 20th.
Zhang Jiqin, vice president of Shanghai Bangyao Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.
, and Zhou Jing, an expert on cell and gene therapy products from Thermo Fisher, will bring the "Next Generation of New CAR-T Wonderful sharing of R&D and Commercialization Total Solution. References: 1.
Pineapple Factor "The first child cured by CAR-T therapy, has survived cancer-free for 9 years! 》YiMike has always been committed to original news reports such as cutting-edge technology, industry trends, and industry insights in bio-innovative drugs.
The high-end matrix users of all media reached 160,000+, of which industrial users accounted for more than 50%, and scientific research and clinical users approximately 30% , More than 5% of users of investment institutions.
In order to promote interactive exchanges in industry segments, we have established a number of professional WeChat groups, welcome to scan the QR code to add groups.
Now her cancer has not recurred for 9 years.
Seeing the slim girl in the photo, you can imagine she is a Anti-cancer patients? Emily was born on May 2, 2005.
Her arrival brought infinite joy to the family.
But the good times did not last long.
In 2010, 5-year-old Emily was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which was undoubtedly painful for the family.
After two rounds of chemotherapy, Emily's body went from bad to worse.
It was originally planned that Emily would need chemotherapy for 26 months, but at 16 months, her cancer recurred.
The doctor told Emily’s parents that chemotherapy would not work for Emily and that they could do nothing about Emily’s cancer.
On the verge of despair, they accidentally learned that the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the American Cancer Research Center are jointly conducting a new clinical trial for hematological tumors.
Although the results of the trial cannot be predicted, Emily’s parents realized , This may be the last chance of survival for her daughter.
So they came to the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Emily became the first child ever to receive CAR-T immunotherapy for leukemia.
In April 2012, the modified T cells were injected into Emily's body three times, and these cells were all extracted and cultured from her own cells.
After receiving treatment, Emily developed cytokine release syndrome, also known as cytokine storm, which is a common acute side effect of CAR-T therapy.
CAR-T cells proliferate in large numbers after contacting cells with tumor antigens, and produce a large number of tumor cells.
In this process, a series of cytokines are produced, forming a cytokine storm, and causing a series of damage syndromes to the body.
Emily gradually recovered from the adverse reaction after taking tocilizumab (an immunosuppressive drug).
After three weeks of treatment, the test results found that Emily's leukemia was effectively relieved.
Three and six months after receiving the treatment, the experts checked her bone marrow again and found that her condition did not recur.
Now that many years have passed, the CAR-T cells used to treat leukemia still persist in her body.
The powerful function of CAR-T therapy The human body has a powerful immune system to protect the human body from external bacteria and viruses.
The immune T cells in the blood are the main regulators, and the T cells have a strong attacking power.
, Once the cells are identified with bad molecules, they will be dispatched to kill these problem cells.
However, these cancer cells are very cunning.
They have mastered the way to evade the surveillance of the immune system during the long-term confrontation with T cells, and can avoid the hunting and killing of T cells, thus harming the human body.
Faced with this problem, scientists have conducted in-depth research to reprogram the T cells in the human body and install a CAR on the T cells, which is equivalent to installing a positioning and navigation device, transforming the ordinary "warrior" of T cells into a "super soldier" , Namely CAR-T cells, help T cells accurately identify and kill cancer cells.
Dr.
June’s team named this treatment method “CAR-T immunotherapy”.
Emily’s successful cure has set off global scientists’ pursuit of CAR-T therapy.
In 2017, two CAR-T products were successfully launched in the United States.
The door for CAR-T treatment of cancer has since been opened, attracting many pharmaceutical giants and companies.
Investor entry layout.
The continuous development of CAR-T therapy After years of development, CAR-T cell technology has gradually matured.
The current CAR structure has developed to the fourth and fifth generations.
The first generation CAR is composed of extracellular binding domain, hinge domain, transmembrane domain and signal domain.
There is only one intracellular signal transduction domain (mainly CD-3ζ or FcRγ), which only express single-chain antibodies on T cells and target tumor cell surface antigen molecules, but its short duration limits its effectiveness.
The second-generation CAR adds functional domains of costimulatory molecules, such as CD28 or 4-1BB.
This can promote cell proliferation, secretion of cytokines, prolong the survival time in the body, and resist apoptosis.
The third-generation CAR adds more costimulatory domains, such as CD28-4-1BB or CD28-OX40, to improve the viability of T cells.
The fourth-generation CAR, also called armored CAR, adds more functional domains, which can be derived from ligands of IL-2, IL-5, IL-12 or costimulatory molecules.
In the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, Recruit and activate more immune cells by releasing pro-inflammatory factors, causing a wider anti-tumor immune effect.
The fifth-generation allogeneic CAR-T, by knocking out genes that may cause immune rejection from allogeneic T cells, provides the possibility for the large-scale production and immediate application of CAR-T therapy.
Nevertheless, the curative effect of CAR-T treatment still needs to be optimized.
Its existing difficulties include application difficulties such as high recurrence rate, poor treatment effect of solid tumors, and long production cycle of autologous products; and side effects such as cytokine release syndrome and off-target toxicity.
.
Based on this, the industry is also actively seeking breakthroughs and vigorously developing innovative technologies to further promote the all-round development of CAR-T cell therapy.
In the second quarter of 2021, Medical Microbiology Class and Thermo Fisher Scientific will launch a series of online seminars on "Decoding Cellular Immunotherapy, Striving for the Present and the Future".
At that time, you are welcome to communicate and learn online! The third course will be launched at 20:00 on the evening of May 20th.
Zhang Jiqin, vice president of Shanghai Bangyao Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.
, and Zhou Jing, an expert on cell and gene therapy products from Thermo Fisher, will bring the "Next Generation of New CAR-T Wonderful sharing of R&D and Commercialization Total Solution. References: 1.
Pineapple Factor "The first child cured by CAR-T therapy, has survived cancer-free for 9 years! 》YiMike has always been committed to original news reports such as cutting-edge technology, industry trends, and industry insights in bio-innovative drugs.
The high-end matrix users of all media reached 160,000+, of which industrial users accounted for more than 50%, and scientific research and clinical users approximately 30% , More than 5% of users of investment institutions.
In order to promote interactive exchanges in industry segments, we have established a number of professional WeChat groups, welcome to scan the QR code to add groups.
