The ecological environment risks of the Yangtze River are intensifying, and heavy chemical industries are strictly controlled along the river

Global Coatings Network News:

At present, there are 62 chemical parks along the Yangtze River.

Behind this is the increasingly severe ecological environment of the Yangtze River.

In September 2017, the first inspection team of the former Ministry of Environmental Protection's special action on environmental protection law enforcement for drinking water sources in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was inspected in Jingzhou, Hubei.

The most prominent water environment problem

The Yangtze River traverses the land of China and is known as the mother river of the Chinese nation.
The economic circle near the Yangtze River, including 11 provinces and cities including Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou, is called the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

Here raising the country 40% of the population, supporting the economic aggregate 40% of the country, in addition to our country along the outside of the open sea areas, economic density zone's largest economy, China's economic center of gravity is located, vitality lies.

But at the same time, the Yangtze River Economic Belt is also one of the most prominent river basins in my country with water environmental problems.
Monitoring data for many years shows that although the area of ​​the Yangtze River Economic Zone only accounts for 21% of the country, the total waste water discharge accounts for more than 40% of the country, and the emission intensity of chemical oxygen demand per unit area, ammonia nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds It is 1.
5 to 2.
0 times the national average.

Among them, the pollutant emissions from industry, especially the chemical industry, account for a large proportion, which is extremely harmful to the ecological environment of the Yangtze River.
The severity of the problem can be clearly seen from the report issued by the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspectorate "looking back" in 2018.

The Fifth Central Ecological Environmental Protection Supervision Group notified that there are 4 calcium hydrogen phosphate production enterprises in the Ganhezi watershed of Anzhou District, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province.
By the end of 2014, there are about 2.
6 million tons of phosphogypsum stored in the open air.
Sub-strait.
The inadequacy of the "three prevention" measures in some phosphogypsum storage yards has caused serious pollution to the water bodies of the Ganhezi, a secondary tributary of the Yangtze River.

The inspection team reported that according to the monitoring data, from January to September 2018, the total phosphorus in groundwater and surface water around the Ganhezi phosphogypsum storage yard generally exceeded the standard, and the fluoride also exceeded the standard to varying degrees.
Among them, the total phosphorus in the groundwater in March 2018 The highest phosphorus concentration exceeded the standard by 11.
1 times, and the fluoride concentration in groundwater exceeded the standard by 1.
45 times in September 2018.
The comprehensive water quality category of the exit sections of Ganhezi and Lianghekou was Grade III in 2016, fell to Grade IV in 2017, and fell to Grade V from January to September 2018, and the water quality continued to deteriorate.

In September 2017, the first inspection team of the former Ministry of Environmental Protection's special action on environmental protection law enforcement for drinking water sources in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was inspected in Jingzhou, Hubei.
The picture shows the hazardous chemicals on the dock attracting the attention of inspectors.

The Third Central Ecological Environmental Protection Supervision Group notified that Anhui Wuhu Ronghui Chemical Co.
, Ltd.
secretly discharged salt water and calcium carbide slag water for a long time, polluting the Yangtze River and nearby drinking water.
The inspector found that the chemical terminal of Wuhu Ronghui Chemical Co.
, Ltd.
in Anhui Province did not build terminal flushing water and initial rainwater collection devices.
Some calcium carbide slag powder scattered on the terminal was directly discharged into the Yangtze River after the rain washed, and the water quality was strongly alkaline.

The report of the Fourth Central Ecological Environmental Protection Supervision Group also showed that Jingmen City, Hubei Province shirked responsibility for the rectification of the phosphorus chemical pollution problem, and approved new projects against the wind.
The pollution prevention and control measures of the phosphogypsum slag yard were not in place for a long time, and the surrounding groundwater and surface water were seriously polluted.
, Which adversely affects the water quality and safety of the Han River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River.

In Jiangsu, the Fourth Central Ecological Environmental Protection Supervision Group also notified that the million tons of steel slag and other industrial solid waste accumulated by the Zhangjiagang Shagang Group in Suzhou were randomly stacked on the banks of the Yangtze River, polluting the surrounding soil and water bodies, and threatening the ecological environment of the Yangtze River.

Large proportion of chemical pollutants

"With long-term and high-intensity development activities, the Yangtze River Economic Belt is facing serious environmental risks such as frequent environmental emergencies and complex incentives.
" Wang Jinnan, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and dean of the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that the Yangtze River Economic Belt is highly risky.
There are many enterprises and their distribution is relatively concentrated.
Drinking water sources are staggered with all kinds of dangerous, heavily polluted and high-risk production and storage concentrated areas.
The main stream of the Yangtze River and some major tributaries and coastal areas have high environmental risks.

Wang Jinnan said that the environmental risk caused by long-term high-intensity development is a major challenge facing the green development and ecological civilization construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Building a "safe Yangtze River" has become one of the main goals and important contents of regional ecological environmental protection.

The study found that there are many enterprises in high environmental risk industries such as petrochemical, chemical, pharmaceutical, non-ferrous metal mining, processing and smelting in the Yangtze River Economic Zone.
According to statistics, 40% of the country's papermaking, 43% of synthetic ammonia, 81% of ammonium phosphate, 72% of printed and dyed cloth, and 40% of caustic soda production capacity are concentrated in this area.

On the afternoon of September 7, 2017, the first inspection team of the special action for environmental protection and law enforcement of drinking water sources in the Yangtze River Economic Zone organized by the former Ministry of Environmental Protection was inspected in Wuhan, Hubei.
The picture shows the inspectors inspecting the site through the on-site inspection satellite remote sensing support system in the drinking water source protection area.

According to the national key industries (oil processing and coking industry, chemical raw materials and chemical product manufacturing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing) conducted by the former Ministry of Environmental Protection, the environmental risk and chemical inspection results of enterprises in the 9 provinces and 2 cities of the Yangtze River Economic Zone are only petrochemicals There are more than 12,000 enterprises in the industries such as, chemical, pharmaceutical, etc.
, accounting for 28% of the total number of enterprises inspected, and occupying the first place in the 13 river basins inspected.

Statistics show that there are currently 62 chemical parks along the Yangtze River.
There are more than 20 chemical parks under construction or planning, and more than 250 types of hazardous chemicals are produced and transported.
The number of hazardous chemical companies distributed along the Yangtze River is Jiangsu, followed by Zhejiang.
There are a large number of hazardous chemical terminals and ships, and they are widely distributed.
There are close to 300 hazardous chemical terminals from Chongqing to Anhui alone.

From 2006 to 2015, there were 3139 environmental emergencies in 9 provinces and 2 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, accounting for about 60% of the country’s total.
Among them, the number of environmental emergencies in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang accounted for the entire Yangtze River Economic Belt.
More than 80% of the total number of incidents.

According to the statistics of the incidents dispatched and handled by the Ministry of Environmental Protection from 2006 to 2015, environmental emergencies in the Yangtze River Economic Belt caused by production safety, enterprise pollution, traffic accidents, and natural disasters accounted for 44%, 59%, and 59% of the corresponding environmental emergencies in the country, respectively.
47% and 55%, the proportion of events of various reasons is at a relatively high level.

"For a certain period of time in the future, environmental emergencies in my country will continue to be in a trend of high incidence, especially the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
" Wang Jinnan said.

Prominent contradiction between development and protection

Investigating the root cause of the "chemical encirclement of the river" in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, on the surface, is that there are many and densely distributed high-pollution and high-risk companies along the Yangtze River, with aging process equipment, inadequate implementation of the main responsibility for environmental risk prevention and control, and awareness of environmental risk prevention Indifferent issues have led to frequent production safety accidents and illegal pollutant discharge incidents by enterprises.

But the fundamental reason is the strong willingness to accelerate development in various parts of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and there is a clear momentum for heavy industries to gather along the river and move upstream.

Wang Jinnan said that from the urban and rural plans and industrial plans announced in various places, the development model that relies on incremental expansion such as land occupation and resource consumption is still dominant; from the industrial plan, relying on the Yangtze River Golden Waterway to vigorously promote energy, chemical industry, metallurgy, etc.
The development of heavy industry along the Yangtze River is still the main strategy for industrial development in various regions.

The "Yangtze River Economic Belt Blue Book: Report on the Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (2011～2015)" issued by the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences and Social Science Literature Press also believes that the cooperation mechanism between the three major sectors of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is not yet sound and there is homogeneity.
The phenomenon of chemical competition.

The planned economy period, due to the lack of a unified system of comprehensive development concept and layout, substantially provinces now "fragmented" state services "stall large but low-level" features obvious lack of cooperation and exchange among the provinces with each other, the more efficient Low development is slower.

After the implementation of the tax-sharing system reform, GDP competition in various provinces and cities has intensified, and the development speed of modern service industries has increased to a certain extent.
However, local protection is serious and there is still a lack of cooperation with each other.
The development models and development priorities of all provinces and cities are very similar.
It is difficult to give full play to their comparative advantages and internal competition is serious.
.

The study found that the current leading industries in the central and western regions of the provinces and cities are basically traditional manufacturing industries such as oil, natural gas, tobacco processing, ferrous metals, and food processing.

Jiangsu Province proposes to undertake large-scale chemical bases along the coastal ports and import oil and gas resources along the river; Anhui Province has determined to develop large-scale petrochemicals and large-scale coal chemicals along the river, and the total output value of the chemical industry will reach 800 billion yuan by 2020; Hubei Province proposes to harmonize metallurgy In order to develop the main industries along the river, accelerate the construction of the 800,000-ton ethylene project in Wuhan and build the largest petrochemical base in the central region; Sichuan Province plans to accelerate the construction of the southern and eastern Sichuan chemical industrial belts.

The survey also found that the current overall protection of the Yangtze River Basin is insufficient, and the trend of ecosystem degradation has intensified.
Monitoring data show that in the past ten years, the ecosystem pattern of the Yangtze River Economic Zone has changed drastically: urban area increased by 44.
6%; farmland area decreased by 8.
7%; wild animal and plant natural habitat area decreased by 3.
2%; natural forests, shrubs, grasslands and swamps The area of ​​natural ecosystems has decreased.
The area of ​​land used in cities and towns has increased by 51.
6% along the 1,000-meter bank of the Yangtze River.
The development and utilization ratio of the main stream shoreline in the downstream area is as high as 40%.
There is a wharf less than 1 km along the coast of Jiangsu.

At present, some tributaries of the Yangtze River Basin are seriously polluted, and the eutrophication problems of lakes such as Dianchi Lake, Chaohu Lake and Taihu Lake are prominent.
The emission intensity per unit area is twice the national average.
"The contradiction between the development and protection of resources in the Yangtze River Economic Zone is prominent, and the resources and environment of the Yangtze River are seriously overdrawn.
" Wang Jinnan said.

Strictly control the environmental risks of heavy chemical industry

In the Yangtze River Economic Belt, drinking water in many provinces and cities is directly taken from the Yangtze River.
The safety of drinking water is related to the health of more than 500 million people along the river.
Protecting and improving the ecological environment of the Yangtze River and ensuring the safety of drinking water for the people are the prerequisites and foundation projects for the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

"If you can't even guarantee the safety of people's drinking water, what else can you do?" Vice Minister of Ecology and Environment Zhai Qing said solemnly at the on-site meeting of the special action on environmental protection law enforcement for drinking water sources in the Yangtze River Economic Zone held in Chongqing.

In June 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other five ministries and commissions issued the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Industrial Green Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt", which put forward the implementation of the negative list of market access for industrial development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, clearly prohibiting and restricting the development of industries, Production process, product catalog.
Strictly control the environmental risks of projects along the river, such as petroleum processing, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, chemical fiber manufacturing, non-ferrous metals, printing and dyeing, and papermaking.
Strictly enforce environmental access for projects along the Yangtze River Industrial Park and strictly control the environmental risks of heavy chemical companies.

Experts such as Wang Jinnan said that the Yangtze River Economic Belt should focus on dangerous and heavy enterprises along the river, accelerate the revision of emergency plans based on environmental risk assessment, and explore electronic filing.
Focusing on centralized drinking water sources, promote the preparation of emergency plans for trans-provincial water environmental incidents.
Take the lead in carrying out emergency response plans for the centralized drinking water sources above the county level on the mainstream of the Yangtze River and chemical parks along the riverside for environmental emergencies.
Focus on governments at the prefectural level and above, carry out the revision of the government's emergency response plan for environmental emergencies based on regional environmental risk assessment.
Carry out plan evaluation by industry and field, select a batch of environmental emergency plan benchmarks, and promote demonstration.

At the same time, we will strengthen the construction of inter-departmental and cross-regional supervision and emergency coordination and linkage mechanisms.
Strengthen the environmental safety management of hazardous chemicals and hazardous waste transportation, explore the establishment of an "environmental protection card" system and transportation information platform for hazardous chemicals transportation vehicles and ships.
Strengthen the long-term linkage of comprehensive and professional emergency rescue teams such as environmental protection, public security, and fire protection departments.
Draw lessons from the “three provinces and one city” experience of Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui in the Yangtze River Delta, promote the construction of a cross-administrative regional upstream and downstream environmental emergency response mechanism, and establish an emergency command system for joint prevention, exchange of information, joint monitoring, and coordinated disposal.
For areas with high risks, high sensitivities, and many pollution disputes, a pilot demonstration of the construction of a cross-regional environmental emergency response system will be carried out.

The Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River undertakes more than 70% of the total freight volume of the Yangtze River and accounts for about 15% of the total water freight in the country.
The task of building "golden waterways" and developing "green shipping" is arduous.

The Ministry of Transport also stated a few days ago that the shipping market of the seven provinces and cities along the Yangtze River (Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu) will focus on promoting the protection of drinking water sources, the construction of shore power facilities, and the public in accordance with the requirements of green shipping.
Five important and difficult tasks are the construction of anchorages, the construction of ship pollutant reception facilities such as cabin washing stations, and the remediation of illegal docks.