The COVID-19 virus ravages the new crown vaccine research and development over the years at a glance

At present, the new crown epidemic continues to spread around the world, showing a clear trend of a global pandemic; on the other hand, the virus has been mutated seriously, and a variety of dangerous mutant viruses have recently appeared, such as Mu (Mu) strain and Delta (Delta) mutant strain.

According to the latest data provided by WHO's official website, as of September 21, 2021, there are 121 vaccines currently in the clinical research phase and 194 vaccines in the non-clinical research phase

Figure 1 The number of vaccine candidates in the world (picture source WHO official website)

Figure 2 Types of new coronavirus vaccines in the clinical research stage (picture source WHO official website)

In addition, according to the classification of WHO, the candidate new crown vaccines in the clinical research stage are divided into 10 categories (see Figure 2 for details), which are divided into the following categories according to the major categories: ① attenuated vaccines, ② inactivated vaccines, ③ protein subunits Vaccines, ④ viral vector vaccines (replicating/non-replicating/antigen-presenting cells involved), ⑤ nucleic acid vaccines (mRNA, DNA), ⑥ virus-like particle vaccines, among which recombinant protein vaccines account for the highest proportion (up to 36%)

FDA-approved or urgently authorized new coronavirus vaccine

The FDA has currently approved or urgently authorized the use of 3 new coronavirus vaccines.

The new crown vaccine approved by the European Union

The European Union currently has conditionally approved 4 new crown vaccines, of which two from Pfizer and Moderna are nucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines, and two from AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson are non-replicating viral vector vaccines

New crown vaccine included in the WHO emergency use list

Currently, vaccines that have been included in the WHO emergency use list include Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, AstraZeneca (AstraZeneca, AB) vaccine, Serum Institute of India Pvt.

Domestic vaccine approval status

At present, my country has 7 domestic vaccines approved for conditional marketing or emergency use, and actively cooperates with more than 10 countries in vaccine research and development.

◆The new coronavirus inactivated vaccine (Vero cell) of Beijing Institute of Biological Products will be listed conditionally on December 30, 2020;

◆The new coronavirus inactivated vaccine (Vero cell) of Wuhan Institute of Biological Products will be put on the market with conditions on February 25, 2021;

◆Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Biotechnology Co.

◆Consino recombinant new coronavirus vaccine (type 5 adenovirus vector) will be listed with conditions on February 25, 2021;

◆Anhui Zhifei Bio-Recombinant Protein New Crown Vaccine was approved for domestic emergency use on March 10, 2021;

◆Kangtai Bio-New Coronavirus Inactivated Vaccine (Vero Cell) was approved for domestic emergency use on May 14, 2021;

◆The new coronavirus inactivated vaccine (Vero cell) of the Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences was approved for domestic emergency use on June 9, 2021

New progress in the development of new crown vaccines

On September 9, 2021, Moderna announced the development of a six-target mRNA booster vaccine

On the evening of September 22, 2021, Clover Biopharmaceutical Co.

On the evening of September 22, 2021, Watson Biological issued an announcement that the new coronavirus mRNA vaccine developed by the company and Abbe Biotech recently obtained the Phase III clinical trial approval issued by the Nepal Drug Administration, marking the new coronavirus mRNA vaccine in Nepal has entered phase III clinical trials

In addition, CanSino’s inhaled recombinant new coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus vector) is applying for emergency use authorization from the State Food and Drug Administration; the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhifei Biological are promoting the research and development of the second-generation recombinant vaccine; Accelerate the development of an mRNA nucleic acid vaccine

Summarize

In summary, in the face of the sudden new crown epidemic, vaccine research and development teams around the world have actively invested and carried out various active cooperation; at the same time, in order to meet the urgent needs of the market, the drug administration department is making full use of the existing review of green channel policies.

Reference materials:

1-WHO official website information

2-FDA official website

3-EMA official website

4-NMPA official website

5- Information on the official website of Sinopharm Group