The causes and Countermeasures of the current impact on the development of rural cattle industry

Introduction: With China's accession to the WTO, governments at all levels have paid more and more attention to and accelerated the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure They regard the development of cattle raising (including other animal husbandry) as one of the important ways to revitalize the local economy and make farmers rich Many local governments have issued many preferential policies to support the development of local cattle raising in order to stimulate and encourage farmers' enthusiasm for cattle raising But from our contact with the actual situation in rural areas, although the cattle industry in rural areas has developed in recent years in general, it still shows slow and unbalanced development The main reasons are as follows: first, lack of financial support Lack of funds is one of the important reasons for the slow development of rural cattle raising In China, at present, the cattle industry in rural areas is still dominated by family feeding, with simple accommodation, backward equipment and extensive management With China's accession to the WTO, it means that the real docking between domestic animal husbandry and the international market has been realized, which has changed the past two markets, domestic and international, and has become a market level Therefore, in order to make its beef cattle products stand the strict inspection of the international market and be in a favorable position in the market competition, the breeding of beef cattle must gradually change from the family open-ended feeding to the large-scale feeding, and improve the quality of beef cattle through the standardized production management of beef cattle However, in order to raise cattle on a large scale, three problems must be solved: first, the construction of cattle farm (land, enclosure, cowshed, etc.); second, the purchase of shelf cattle; third, cattle feed All these three problems need a certain amount of money to solve Raising cattle is no more than raising chickens, ducks and pigs To buy a 400kg shelf cow, you need 2800 yuan per kilogram of 7.00 yuan To purchase a 100 head cattle farm, you need 280000 yuan At present, the small loans of rural credit cooperatives can not be solved at all Although a few counties have built a certain number of large-scale cattle farms through government subsidies, self financing of farmers and loans from credit cooperatives, they are idle for a long time due to the lack of funds to buy shelf cattle and feed For example, Chengwu County of Heze City has built more than 120 large-scale cattle farms, which are insufficient in stock or idle due to lack of funds There are more than 160 farms in the animal husbandry and poultry demonstration park covering an area of 1000 mu in the Central District of Zaozhuang City, only one third of which raise cattle, one third of which raise dogs and other pets, and one third of which are vacant There is a new one thousand cattle farm in xiaobottuantou town of Wudi County in Binzhou area, which is also short of funds Kim is still free According to the survey, most counties in Shandong Province still stay in the traditional mode of family feeding, the number of large-scale cattle farms is small and small in general Although some places have built cattle farms or breeding communities, they just transfer the beef cattle raised by families to cattle farms or large-scale communities for centralized feeding, and there is not much development in the total amount Second, lack of support from leading enterprises At present, most farmers in animal husbandry are spontaneous and follow their feelings When they see the high price of cattle, they raise cattle When they see the good price of sheep, they raise sheep When they see the rising price of pigs, they want to raise pigs Due to the lack of leading enterprises, many farmers have insufficient grasp of the market and poor information Once the market price changes, they often suffer losses For example, during the SARS period in 2003, cattle prices fell sharply, and many cattle farmers suffered economic losses to varying degrees Due to the lack of information of farmers, the beef cattle raised are often blindly looking for the market by themselves, or pulled away by the evaluation of the cattle dealers, resulting in the reduction of the benefit or loss of the beef cattle raised, which affects the enthusiasm of cattle raising In addition, in the first half of this year, due to the price increase of food and feed, it also increased the cost for farmers to raise beef cattle It is estimated that the income recovered from the sale of a calf can't even cover the cost of feed fed by the cow, forming the inverted link between the cost of raising and the income from sales Many farmers began to sell cows for this reason According to the understanding of many slaughterhouses, the slaughter volume of cows accounted for more than 60% As a result of the decrease in the number of female cattle slaughtered, there will be further shortage of cattle resources in the future Third, lack of strong support from the government The adjustment of agricultural industrial structure is the only way, but the current economic and cultural situation of farmers must rely on the guidance and support of the government to develop It is undeniable that in recent years, many governments have focused on the development of animal husbandry, fruit trees and forestry when formulating local agricultural development plans, but it will take 3-4 years for fruit trees to have an effect, and 6-7 years for forestry to have an effect, while the development of cattle farming (animal husbandry) has become the preferred development project because it is in line with the immediate interests of farmers, but due to various reasons, it is lacking Many substantial supports lead to the slow development of cattle raising (animal husbandry), especially for its industry, which is far from enough For example: 1 Governments at all levels focus on investment promotion, and set investment promotion indicators for each department, even animal husbandry bureau The size of investment promotion can be said to be an important basis to measure the current political performance of cadres, and through investment promotion, cadres can also be rewarded and quickly reused It can be said that most of the current places will focus on the main work of investment promotion There are many disadvantages in blind and even unscrupulous investment attraction It not only hinders the process of government function transformation, but also is one of the important reasons for overheated investment and resource shortage in China 2 It is more interested in running enterprises than developing cattle industry, because running enterprises can directly bring taxes to local governments on the spot, while farmers benefit from cattle industry, which is one of the reasons why local governments do not pay much attention to it 3 Many local governments have listed the Animal Husbandry Bureau as the second level bureau, which makes the cadres engaged in animal husbandry work feel at a lower level 4 Lack of financial support and guarantee for farmers in cattle industry For example, many township governments and farmers in Mudan District of Heze City have a very high enthusiasm for cattle raising Due to the lack of funds, they have not been able to develop They have repeatedly sought for the beef cattle industrialization center of Hengdian group, a national key leading enterprise, to develop cattle raising However, due to the lack of guarantee companies in the local area, they can not implement it Many local governments can raise several hundred million yuan from credit cooperatives and professional banks through policy measures Jin went for development and construction, but he did not set aside a certain amount of funds or a small amount of funds to support local farmers to develop cattle industry, nor did he find a way to establish a guarantee company to help farmers get a certain amount of funds in the development of cattle industry Although a few counties have policies to encourage farmers to lend and give them discount interest support, because there is no guarantee that farmers can not get funds, so the government discount interest has become an empty talk From the actual situation, it can be seen that some governments' support for farmers' cattle husbandry (animal husbandry) is far from enough In 2004, No.1 document of the CPC Central Committee pointed out that to solve the "three rural" problems and accelerate the development of agriculture and rural areas is an inevitable requirement to maintain the sustained, rapid, coordinated and healthy development of the national economy, to achieve the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and to maintain social stability and the long-term stability of the country Party committees and governments at all levels should further understand and solve these problems We should do a good job in the issues concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and do a solid job in all aspects of our work The first document issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China will surely make the development of cattle industry in China get a good development Therefore, we put forward the following suggestions: first, we must fully improve the awareness of leading cadres at all levels on the importance of developing cattle industry (animal husbandry) In order to develop cattle industry, we should first have a high level of ideological understanding Developing cattle industry is not only one of the important measures to solve the "three rural" problems, accelerate the development of agriculture and rural areas, and make farmers rich as soon as possible It is also an inevitable requirement to maintain the sustained, rapid, coordinated and healthy development of the national economy, to achieve the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and to maintain it Social stability and long-term stability of the country are inevitable requirements Therefore, the development of cattle raising (animal husbandry) should be regarded as the concrete embodiment of whether leaders at all levels really attach importance to and implement the No In our country, most of the animal husbandry areas belong to the underdeveloped areas Farmers are eager to get rid of poverty and become rich through the development of animal husbandry However, due to the reasons of capital, market and technology, it is difficult to develop the cattle industry by relying on their own strength We must fully rely on the support and promotion of the local government in order to truly get development Therefore, only by fully improving the awareness of leading cadres at all levels on the importance of developing cattle industry (animal husbandry), can we be in urgent need of farmers, think of farmers, and really formulate practical policies and specific solutions, so as to truly develop cattle industry 2 Actively support leading enterprises of agricultural industrialization to promote the development of cattle industry Du Qing, Minister of the Ministry of agriculture, pointed out recently that the key to the development of modern agriculture lies in the active promotion of agricultural industrialization, the cultivation and expansion of leading enterprises, and the improvement of farmers' organizational level and agricultural comprehensive benefits It has been proved that to develop cattle industry, we must first cultivate and develop leading enterprises to benefit agriculture and increase farmers' income There are five main reasons: first, it can help farmers to solve the problem of insufficient funds in the process of cattle raising; second, it can solve the market problem of cattle raising by farmers through the "order" contract; third, it can solve the risk of cattle raising by providing the lowest purchase price The fourth is to help farmers improve the technical level of cattle raising and improve their economic benefits by providing technical services; the fifth is to promote the development of local animal husbandry, realize resource transformation and labor transfer, and increase the benefits of farmers For example, since the end of 2002, through exploration and practice in Heze City, Hengdian group grassland company has come out with a "four in one" model to drive farmers to raise cattle, which has been welcomed by the governments and farmers At present, it has developed to Liaocheng, Jinan, Dezhou and other cities It can be said that the leading enterprises play an important role in the industrialization of cattle breeding, which is a bridge and link between farmers and the government Supporting leading enterprises is to support agriculture, rural areas and farmers Only when leading enterprises develop, can we better promote the development of agricultural industrialization Therefore, in order to make the leading enterprises stronger, the governments and departments must give substantial support to the leading enterprises (1) In terms of credit funds, we need to further increase the preferential support for agricultural leading enterprises Only by increasing funds can leading enterprises drive more farmers to develop and raise cattle On the one hand, they can increase farmers' income by developing cattle raising, on the other hand, they can make leading enterprises develop themselves (2) In terms of tax revenue, the leading enterprises should be given the preferential policy of reduction and exemption The leading agricultural enterprises are closely linked with farmers and agricultural and livestock products, and the general economic benefits are very low Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the burden of leading enterprises (3) As a leading enterprise, it plays an important role in promoting the development of local animal husbandry and increasing farmers' income Therefore, local governments should give priority support in the preferential policies, such as agricultural industrialization, agricultural comprehensive development, low interest loans, scientific and technological funds, technical training services and other aspects of financial support to help Help leading enterprises to develop better Third, we should make concrete policies and measures to develop the cattle industry in rural areas In order to speed up the development of cattle industry in rural areas, we must