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Hip fracture is a common serious injury that can occur in both men and women, but it is more common and has a greater
impact on the health and quality of life of older women.
Hip fractures often occur as a result of falls, while women are more likely to fall from factors such as osteoporosis, which is more common in women and results in weaker bones that are more prone to fractures
.
A new study sheds light on how women reduce their risk of
hip fractures.
According to a new study conducted by food scientists at the University of Leeds, increasing protein intake and drinking tea or coffee regularly may help reduce a woman's risk
of hip fractures.
The study found that an increase of 25 grams of protein per day reduced the risk of hip fractures by an average of 14 percent
.
In addition, studies have shown that for every additional cup of tea or coffee, the risk of hip fracture is reduced by 4%.
Writing in the journal Clinical Nutrition, the researchers noted that this protective effect was greater for underweight women, with a 25-gram daily increase in protein reducing the risk
by 45 percent.
Protein can come in any form: meat, dairy or eggs; For people who are predominantly plant-based, start with legumes, nuts or legumes
.
Three to four eggs provide about 25 grams of protein, just like a steak or salmon
.
100 grams of tofu provides 17 grams of protein
.
In the research team, only more than 3 percent of women experienced a hip fracture
.
The survey, titled "Food, Nutrients and Hip Fracture Risk: A Prospective Study of Middle-Aged Women," is based on a large observational analysis
of more than 26,000 women.
As an observational study, the researchers were able to identify a link between
diet and health factors.
They cannot single out direct causality
.
PhD researcher James Webster, from the University of Leeds' School of Food Science and Nutrition, who led the study, said: "The cost of hip fractures to individuals and society is enormous
.
"Hip fractures often lead to other chronic diseases, loss of independence and premature death
.
In the UK, the NHS spends between
£2 billion and £3 billion a year.
"People can protect themselves
by adjusting their diet to keep their bones and muscles healthy.
The study is one of the first to investigate the relationship between food and nutrient intake and the risk of hip fractures, which are accurately identified through hospital records
.
"The findings highlight which aspects of the diet may be useful tools for reducing the risk of hip fractures in women, and there is evidence of a link
between high protein, tea and coffee intake and reduced risk.
"
Protein is a fundamental building block of life and is necessary
to keep cells, tissues, and muscles working properly and promoting bone health.
The recommended protein intake in the UK is 0.
8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day, a limit that some nutrition experts consider too
low.
Studies have shown that people with higher protein intake have a lower
risk of hip fractures.
However, excessive protein intake – i.
e.
intake of more than 2 to 3 grams of protein/kg body weight/day – can have negative health effects
.
This study was unable to explore these very high levels of protein intake
.
Professor Janet Cade, head of the Nutritional Epidemiology Group at the University of Leeds, who directed the study, said: "In the UK, most people consume adequate amounts of protein, however, certain groups, such as vegetarians or vegans, need to check that their protein intake is high enough to stay healthy
.
Women who are underweight are more likely to have reduced
bone density and muscle mass.
Increasing your intake of several foods and nutrients, especially protein, by helping to build or restore bone and muscle health may help women who are underweight reduce their risk of
hip fractures more easily than healthy or overweight women.
However, the researchers note that this finding requires further research to confirm this
.
Both tea and coffee contain bioactive compounds called polyphenols and phytoestrogens that help maintain bone health
.
Professor Cade added: "This is an interesting discovery
considering that tea and coffee are favourite drinks for British people.
We also need to learn more about how these drinks affect bone health, but this may be achieved by increasing the amount of calcium in the bones
.
”
The data used in the study came from the UK Women Cohort Study, which recruited participants
between 1995 and 1998.
At the time they entered the study, the women were between
the ages of 35 and 69.
At the time of recruitment, they were asked to fill out questionnaires
about diet and lifestyle.
This information was then linked to hospital records over the next 20 years, which revealed how many people suffered hip fractures or hip implants
Of the 26,318 women who participated in the study, 822 hip fractures, or 3.
1 percent
, were diagnosed.
