Summary of AMEM stroke animal model

Introduction Stroke has a high incidence and high mortality.
Animal models are important tools for studying the pathogenesis of stroke and developing new treatment methods.
According to the advantages and disadvantages of different stroke animal models, suitable animal models can be selected to simulate different types of strokes.
Stroke lesions.
At present, rats are the most common animal model of stroke
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Researchers from the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University and the Key Laboratory of Disease Models of Guangdong Medical University summarized rat stroke models and reviewed their advantages and disadvantages
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Image source: Unsplash This article describes stroke animal models from two aspects: cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage.
Among them, cerebral infarction is divided into two types: large-area infarction and focal infarction
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At present, large-area cerebral infarction animal models can be made in the following ways: ① The carotid artery-vertebral artery four-vessel occlusion model has the advantages of high repetition rate and low incidence of seizures.
The disadvantages include high fatality rate and long operation time.
②The animal model made by permanent occlusion of bilateral carotid arteries can be used to study neurodegenerative diseases related to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion; ③Cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation and aortic/vena cava occlusion models can simulate global brain injury Ischemic state, used in the study of cardiac arrest and resuscitation
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The method of making an animal model of focal ischemia is as follows: ① Transcranial vascular occlusion has the advantages of smaller infarct size, lower mortality, and higher reproducibility.
Intracranial infection may occur due to damage to the dura mater.
It can lead to unilateral blindness.
In the rat model, the middle cerebral artery can be combined with bilateral carotid artery occlusion to make this type of model; ②The middle cerebral artery intravascular fiber occlusion method has convenient operation, controllable reperfusion, and semi-ischemia.
The dark band has the advantages, but this method is not suitable for the study of thrombolytic therapy; ③Embolic occlusion is suitable for thrombolytic therapy research, but the reproducibility is poor; ④The artificial material occlusion method can induce the cerebral infarction by microspheres and induce the occurrence of embolic events.
There are still models with poor reproducibility and are not suitable for the study of transient occlusion and thrombolysis; ⑤The endothelin-1 induced occlusion method can flexibly select the infarct location and is convenient to operate, but it will be interfered by anesthesia; ⑥The photochemical embolization model has less trauma and Easy to operate, but the ischemic penumbra is not obvious and the sensitivity to thrombolytic drugs rt-PA is poor
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Image source: Unsplash's introduction to the cerebral hemorrhage model.
The article proposes a whole blood injection model and a collagenase model.
Among them, the whole blood injection model can best simulate the hematoma mass effect and hematological toxicity, but the model does not involve cerebral vascular rupture.
It is suitable for studying bleeding mechanism and hemostatic treatment; the collagenase model can control the size of hematoma by adjusting the content of collagenase.
However, due to the slow cerebral hemorrhage under this model, it cannot simulate the rapid rupture of blood vessels during cerebral hemorrhage, and collagenase aggravates Inflammation, so it is not suitable for studying the immune response of cerebral hemorrhage
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In summary, this article describes in detail the production, advantages and disadvantages of rat stroke models, and elaborates the characteristics of animal models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke respectively, which provides a basis for simulating stroke lesions in different disease states
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Cite this paper Li, Y, Zhang, J.
Animal models of stroke.
Anim Models Exp Med.
2021; 4: 204–219.
https://doi.
org/10.
1002/ame2.
12179 [Health Sciences] About the journal "Animal "Animal Models and Experimental Medicine (English)" (Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, AMEM) is co-sponsored by the Chinese Society of Experimental Animals and the Institute of Medical Experimental Animals, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and is published in cooperation with the internationally renowned publishing group Wiley
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