Sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum)

1 type of
undergraduate
undergraduates. Perennational tall herbs, as an important raw material for sugar production. Straw upright, no branches, with most sections, between the solid, white color, containing sweet liquid juice. Conical flower sequence is large, the total branch is long, most of them are born on the extended spindle; Ying fruit is small, cultivated species usually do not flower strong, by nutrients sub-breeding. Chromosomes
2n
128
222
, a highly multiplied species formed by repeated hybridization.Stem sugar content of
55
to
70
% of the weight of dry matter, processing, will be squeezed sweet syrup concentrated sucrose crystallization, is a necessary human food, in medicine, industry and other aspects have a wide range of uses. Sucrose can be made, made with alcohol or used as feed and fertilizer, and is also a good raw material and fuel for papermaking.Sugar cane genus has more than
10
species, it may be from the wild sweet root grass and its near-genus species, cross-breeding and multi-species, Chinese-made hybrid formation of Chinese sugar cane as an ancient cultivation species, it is the flower sequence spindle and branching between the soft hair easy and sugar cane difference. It is recorded that sugar cane
in
3rd century BC. Sugar cane varies with variety and growth environment, with variations such as green, white, yellow, dark green, purple, red and black, or different color stripes.Sugar cane is widely grown in the world's tropical to subtropical, mainly in the north and south latitudes
25
to
30
degrees, southeast Asia, Oceania to the Americas is the center of sugar cane production. The main countries are India, China, the Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, Cuba, Brazil, Mexico, the United States and Argentina. China has a large planting area of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces. From the temperature limit of the sugar cane area, the average annual temperature of
17
degrees C or more, the most suitable temperature is
30
to
35
degrees C, soil moisture needs
70
to
80
%, high fertilizer consumption, is a high-light four carbon plants, high productivity of dry matter, there is "energy crops."