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The current global pandemic of the new coronavirus Covid-19 is still not optimistic, and the way to eliminate the target virus SARS-CoV-2 that caused the new coronavirus is to establish immune memory
.
Generally speaking, immune memory is that when the human body is infected with a virus, targeted T cells and B cells are produced in the body, and they cooperate to clear and inhibit the spread of the virus
.
Recently, the Columbia University research team published a research paper titled "SARS-CoV-2 infection generates tissue-localized immunological memory in humans" in "Science Immunology".
Research shows that the new crown infection has long-term immune memory in the human body
.
Researchers found that there are not only SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells and memory B cells, but also SARS-CoV-2 specific germinal centers in the lungs and lymph nodes around the lungs of patients with new coronary disease
.
This has important guiding significance for optimizing vaccine effects
.
DOI: 10.
1126/sciimmunol.
abl9105 Researchers first screened the organ samples of 4 organ donors who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and were between 10-74 years old and the corresponding control group (organs not infected with the new crown) Donor)
.
The results showed that even after 6 months of infection with the new crown, SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells and memory B cells still exist in the patient’s bone marrow, spleen, lung, and multiple lymph nodes, while the lungs and lung-related lymphoid tissues are The most important part of the distribution of these memory cells
.
The serum in the control group lacked SARS-CoV-2 antibodies
.
This proves that patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 have developed immune memories
.
If you are infected again, the patient can immediately have "guards" dispatched to protect the body from harm
.
SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the blood and tissues of previously infected organ donors SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells are very important for the body’s immune protection and resistance to viral infections.
It can recognize antigens in a timely manner.
Respond and call the immune system to request instructions
.
The article shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection produces virus-specific T cell responses in the blood, multiple lymphatic sites, and lungs, and as a subgroup of circulating and resident memory, it is retained in different tissues to produce different responses
.
SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells are maintained as memory subgroups in different tissues of seropositive donors.
In addition, the detection frequency of SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B cells is significantly higher in infected patients
.
It is worth noting that in almost all samples, the proportion of IgG+ memory B cells is the highest
.
The SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B cells in the tissues after the above series of studies have shown that even after 6 months of infection with the new crown, SARS-CoV-2 still exists in the patient’s bone marrow, spleen, lung and multiple lymph nodes.
Specific memory T cells and memory B cells are mainly concentrated in the lungs and related lymphoid tissues of the lungs
.
Not only that, the researchers also found stronger evidence that the new coronavirus infection left an "indelible footprint" in the immune system-SARS-CoV was found in the lungs and lung-related lymphoid tissues of patients with new coronavirus.
2 Specific germinal centers, and follicular helper T cells (TFH)
.
SARS-CoV-2 specific germinal center B cells and follicular helper T cells from seropositive donors.
After virus infection or antigen immunization, secondary lymphatic organs (such as spleen and lymph nodes) will form a microstructure-germinal hair Center (GC)
.
Activated B cells can achieve clonal proliferation here, and with the assistance of TFH, they can evolve longer-term and higher-affinity antibody recognition
.
In other words, after being infected by the new coronavirus, the lungs and lung-related lymphatic systems have established an "emergency center" for the new coronavirus to prevent the body from being re-infected
.
Finally, after performing correlation matrix analysis, the researchers verified that cellular and humoral immunity have a fixed-point dynamic coordination function, which has an opposite or compensatory effect in the lungs
.
In other words, the elimination of SARS-CoV-2 virus requires the "mutual assistance" of humoral immunity and cellular immunity to maximize its effect
.
In summary, the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has immune memory in the body, and related specific memory T cells and B cells are mainly concentrated in the lungs and lung-related lymph nodes
.
This is the key position for the establishment of immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Therefore, the immune memory of infection and vaccine can be monitored specifically, which is of strategic significance for the optimization of the vaccine effect
.
In order to facilitate you to continue to receive our articles, you are welcome to set us as a "star" so that you can see our news in the future
.
End reference materials: [1]DOI:10.
1126/sciimmunol.
abl9105
.
Generally speaking, immune memory is that when the human body is infected with a virus, targeted T cells and B cells are produced in the body, and they cooperate to clear and inhibit the spread of the virus
.
Recently, the Columbia University research team published a research paper titled "SARS-CoV-2 infection generates tissue-localized immunological memory in humans" in "Science Immunology".
Research shows that the new crown infection has long-term immune memory in the human body
.
Researchers found that there are not only SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells and memory B cells, but also SARS-CoV-2 specific germinal centers in the lungs and lymph nodes around the lungs of patients with new coronary disease
.
This has important guiding significance for optimizing vaccine effects
.
DOI: 10.
1126/sciimmunol.
abl9105 Researchers first screened the organ samples of 4 organ donors who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and were between 10-74 years old and the corresponding control group (organs not infected with the new crown) Donor)
.
The results showed that even after 6 months of infection with the new crown, SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells and memory B cells still exist in the patient’s bone marrow, spleen, lung, and multiple lymph nodes, while the lungs and lung-related lymphoid tissues are The most important part of the distribution of these memory cells
.
The serum in the control group lacked SARS-CoV-2 antibodies
.
This proves that patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 have developed immune memories
.
If you are infected again, the patient can immediately have "guards" dispatched to protect the body from harm
.
SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the blood and tissues of previously infected organ donors SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells are very important for the body’s immune protection and resistance to viral infections.
It can recognize antigens in a timely manner.
Respond and call the immune system to request instructions
.
The article shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection produces virus-specific T cell responses in the blood, multiple lymphatic sites, and lungs, and as a subgroup of circulating and resident memory, it is retained in different tissues to produce different responses
.
SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells are maintained as memory subgroups in different tissues of seropositive donors.
In addition, the detection frequency of SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B cells is significantly higher in infected patients
.
It is worth noting that in almost all samples, the proportion of IgG+ memory B cells is the highest
.
The SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B cells in the tissues after the above series of studies have shown that even after 6 months of infection with the new crown, SARS-CoV-2 still exists in the patient’s bone marrow, spleen, lung and multiple lymph nodes.
Specific memory T cells and memory B cells are mainly concentrated in the lungs and related lymphoid tissues of the lungs
.
Not only that, the researchers also found stronger evidence that the new coronavirus infection left an "indelible footprint" in the immune system-SARS-CoV was found in the lungs and lung-related lymphoid tissues of patients with new coronavirus.
2 Specific germinal centers, and follicular helper T cells (TFH)
.
SARS-CoV-2 specific germinal center B cells and follicular helper T cells from seropositive donors.
After virus infection or antigen immunization, secondary lymphatic organs (such as spleen and lymph nodes) will form a microstructure-germinal hair Center (GC)
.
Activated B cells can achieve clonal proliferation here, and with the assistance of TFH, they can evolve longer-term and higher-affinity antibody recognition
.
In other words, after being infected by the new coronavirus, the lungs and lung-related lymphatic systems have established an "emergency center" for the new coronavirus to prevent the body from being re-infected
.
Finally, after performing correlation matrix analysis, the researchers verified that cellular and humoral immunity have a fixed-point dynamic coordination function, which has an opposite or compensatory effect in the lungs
.
In other words, the elimination of SARS-CoV-2 virus requires the "mutual assistance" of humoral immunity and cellular immunity to maximize its effect
.
In summary, the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has immune memory in the body, and related specific memory T cells and B cells are mainly concentrated in the lungs and lung-related lymph nodes
.
This is the key position for the establishment of immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Therefore, the immune memory of infection and vaccine can be monitored specifically, which is of strategic significance for the optimization of the vaccine effect
.
In order to facilitate you to continue to receive our articles, you are welcome to set us as a "star" so that you can see our news in the future
.
End reference materials: [1]DOI:10.
1126/sciimmunol.
abl9105