"Stocking up" On April 2, 2020 Blood Research Highlights

Rapid diagnosis of heparin-induced platelet reductionhttps://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019002845timely diagnosis of heparin-induced platelet reduction (HIT) is essential to guide the treatment of the initial patientRecently, researchers evaluated the performance of three sets of immunoassays to detect anti-PF4/heparin antibodies, pushing a diagnostic algorithm for short analytical turnaround time (TAT)used Zymutest-HIA-IgG, HemosIL-AcuStar-IGG and ID-H/PF4-PaGIA to analyze plasma samples from retrospective queues (221 persons) and forward-looking queues (305 persons)Eventually, the researchers built a Bayesian-based diagnostic algorithm that combined the pre-test probability and LR of first- and second-line immunoassaysThe 100% PPV of HIPA positive is cut-off for .3.0 U/ml (HemosIL-AcuStar-HIT-IgG), titration of 16 (ID-H/PF4-PaGIA); Of the forward-looking verification queue (687 persons), 566 (82.4%) used HemosIL-AcuStar-HIT-IgG as the only detection method (analysis of TAT 30 minutes)In 121/687 unresolved cases (17.6%), ID-H/PF4-PaGIA was used as a second-line test (additional TAT 30 minutes)Of the 687 patients, the algorithm accurately predicted 51 HIT (7.4%), excluding 604 patients (87.9%), and only 20 (2.9%) remained unresolvedIn addition, the algorithm also identified 12 cases (1.7%) of HIPA undetected positive prediction: 10 patients were suspected HIT, 2 were false positiveCombining pre-detection probability with first-line and second-line immunoassays of anti-PF4/heparin antibodies can accurately identify HIT or exclude HIT within 60 minutes with an accuracy of up to 95%2: Mutation spectrum and clone blood-forming dynamicof elderly anemia individuals
https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019004362anemia is one of the most important clinical manifestations of hematomy aging, but little is known at present As we age, hematopoietic cloning carrying acquired leukemia-related mutations expands to detectable, known as cloned hematopoietic (CH) To study the relationship between anemia in old age and CH, the researchers studied the distribution and dynamics of CH in the elderly anemia individuals study screened 676 anemia individuals aged 60 and over The acquired mutation frequency (VAF) of the 27 driving genes in the 1298 exceptional week blood was analyzed CH was more common in anemia-related individuals than in the control group (46.6% vs 39.1%, P-0.007) Although the DTA mutations (DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1) commonly found in anemia individuals were no different from those in the control group, other mutations in the anemia queue, including TP53 and SF3B1, were not different Unlike malnourished patients, the prevalence of CH was higher in patients with chronic inflammatory anemia and unexplained anemia than in the control group Follow-up analysis showed that, with or without anemia, the amplification and decline of cloning generally had only a slight VAF growth (0.56 per cent on average) Specific mutations are associated with different growth rates and the tendency to obtain additional blows 3) Platelet glycoprotein VI, Galectin-3 and cancer cell metastasis https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019002649 increasing evidence that platelets play a major role in colon cancer and breast cancer metastasis, glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is a collagen and fibrin platelet-specific receptor that triggers platelet activation through an immune receptor tyrosine-based activation mold (ITAM) signal, which regulates a variety of functions, including platelet adhesion, aggregation, and coagulation activity GPVI is considered to be a safe antithrombotic target because its inhibitory effect is protective in arterial thrombosis models and has little effect on hemostatic In this study, the researchers found that platelet GPVI genetic defects in mice reduced experimental and spontaneous colon cancer and cell metastasis Similar results were also observed in mice with platelet deficiency spleen tyrosine kinase Syk, an important component in the ITAM signal cascade Invivia analysis showed that both mice and human GPVI supported platelet stoltosuofing into colon and breast cancer cells Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout technique, it was found that semi-lactococosin-3 is the main corresponding receptor of GPVI in tumor cells Invival studies have shown that the interaction between platelet GPVI and semi-lactocococosin-3 expressed by tumor cells uses the ITAM signaling element in platelets, which is beneficial to the external seepage of tumor cells Finally, the researchers found that the inhibition of JAQ1 F(ab)2-mediated GPVI effectively disrupts platelet interactions with tumor cells and tumor metastasis changes in the first-line treatment of progressive/recurrent Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019003591 low survival rates in children with refracted or relapsed Burkitt lymphoma The researchers described the course progression characteristics, clinical prognosis, re-inducing and transplantation methods of children with Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia included in the NHL-BFM study from 1986 to 2016, and assessed the risk factors for progression in children with Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia treatment guidelines recommend repeated induction, including first at the early 2000s of rituximatomatox, and later blood stem cell transplants the three-year survival rate of 157 children was 18.5 to 3% Taking into account the analysis of risk factors in the last 75 patients, the survival rate of patients increased significantly after 2000 from 11 to 3% before 2000 to 27 to 5% (p.001), of which 28 cases progressed during initial treatment The survival rate after initial treatment of low-risk disease (R1/R2) in 14 patients with relapsed was 50 to 13%, while the survival rate was 21 to 5% (p 0.02) for 61 patients treated with R3/R4 therapy Of the 25 patients who progressed in first-line treatment, 31 of the 32 patients who progressed in re-induced treatment, 15 of the 16 patients who had not fully remissioned before transplantation, 9 out of 10 patients who were treated with rituximatoma and 13 patients who did not receive lifythemasine treatment during re-inducing process all died Forty-six patients received stem cell transplants (20 self-transplants, 26 allogeneic transplants) The survival rate after the re-injection of the litoxma-based combination of liboxycoidal infusion chemotherapy was 67 to 12%, while the survival rate after other programmes and transplantation was 18 to 5% (p-0.003) Recurrent Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia patients have a lower chance of survival after current effective first-line treatment The progression of the course of initial or re-induced chemotherapy and the initial high-risk disease are risk factors for recurrence Continuous infusion chemotherapy is induced and then transplanted with stem cells, forming the basis for testing new drugs GPRASP protein is an important negative regulatory factor for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019003435 hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) are often used to treat blood diseases Donor HSCs must survive, multiply and differentiate in the destructive environment of rebuilding the ecological level Clarifying the molecular mechanism of transplanting HSCs will help to improve the prognosis of HSCT the silencing of the Gprasp1 or Gprasp2 gene increases the survival, rest, migration, nicho retention, and hematopoietic regeneration activity of post-transplant hematopoietic stem cells and protocellular cells (HSPCs) The researchers further demonstrated that GPRASP1 and GPRASP2 promote the degradation of CXCR4, the main regulatory factor for HSC function during transplantation CXCR4 accumulates in HSPCs that lack Gpras, enhancing the function of HSPCs after portation Therefore, GPRASPs negatively regulatethe stability of CXCR4 in HSCs Source: Network