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Picture of ovarian structure made from mouse embryonic stem cells
Researchers led by Kyushu University in Japan have successfully used mouse stem cells to reconstruct structures in the ovarian environment that are essential for the production of mature egg cells
The research team hopes that these findings can treat infertility by understanding the underlying causes of infertility and help protect critically endangered animals through the production of egg cells
A core principle of the study of stem cells is to understand how a single cell with the potential to become anything differentiates into cells that make up an organ or tissue.
"The oocyte is the immature stage of the egg, also known as the egg cell," said Hayashi, who led the research published in the journal Science
However, in this process, the biggest obstacle is how to establish a support system that can help stem cells differentiate into oocytes
The first author, Takashi Yoshino, an assistant professor at the School of Medical Sciences, explained: “Although we have been able to artificially make oocytes from mouse stem cells, in order for them to mature, we must compare them with names extracted from mice.
"If we want to better understand the development of oocytes and apply this technology to endangered animals and even humans, we must also be able to use stem cells to create support systems
The first step of the research team is to study mice to determine the key genes that produce gonadal cells and when they are produced
"We call these cells fetal ovarian somatic cells, or FOSLCs, because they have the same gene expression profile
After a few days of growth, they were able to observe that the cells began to form a follicular structure around the oocyte
This new system is expected to provide a way to produce large numbers of oocytes without the need to obtain the necessary cells from the host animal
Hayashi explained: "This will greatly help us improve our overall understanding of follicular development and reproductive biology
"The application in humans is technically feasible, but due to the genetic and epigenetic instability of in vitro gametes, we must still carefully consider and discuss the ethics and technology of its application
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Science
DOI
10.
1126/science.
abe0237
