Stable fertilizers help "zero growth" in the use of chemical fertilizers

As the process of urbanization in rural areas accelerates and labor is rapidly shifting to cities, the issue of "who will farm the land" has aroused widespread concern in society
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The land is concentrated in large households, and the degree of mechanization is gradually increasing.
The traditional multiple topdressing fertilization mode is difficult to realize on field crops
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??? "Currently, China’s fertilizer application is facing four major problems, namely, excessive use, regional imbalance, unreasonable product structure, and low utilization of organic fertilizers.
The development and promotion of new efficient and stable fertilizers can alleviate some of them to a certain extent.
Problems
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" Wu Zhijie, a researcher at the Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Shenyang Institute of Ecology), introduced to the reporter of "China Science News", "The amount of fertilizer in developed countries has gradually decreased after reaching its peak in the 1970s and 1980s.
Under the circumstances of greater environmental pressure, it is necessary to reduce the amount of fertilizer while improving the quality and efficiency
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" ??? From June 16th to July 9th, Sun Yi, a researcher at the Fertilizer Center of the Shenyang Institute of Ecology, led the 17th Science and Technology Demonstration Team , The soldiers were divided into two groups in the three northeastern provinces to show the good effects of Zhongke's new stable fertilizer on the spot for local farmers
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??? Three generations of scientists devote themselves to research and development??? Shi Yuanliang, a researcher at the Shenyang Institute of Ecology, told reporters: "For more than 30 years, China has invested less and less labor in food production
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With the three main food crops of rice, wheat and corn in the country, As an example, the average labor per mu has been reduced from 33.
3 days in 1978 to 6.
79 days in 2011, a decrease of nearly 80% in 33 years
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" ??? Lu Zongyun, a researcher at the Shenyang Institute of Ecology, cited several sets of data to reporters.
In recent years, China The amount of fertilizer application increased by 2.
8% every year.
In 2011, the amount of fertilizer application was 57.
04 million tons, and in 2014 it was about 60 million tons
.
In 2014, my country’s farmland (calculated based on 122 million hectares of arable land and 13.
027 million hectares of orchard) averaged 445 kg of fertilizer per hectare; according to the total sown area of ​​crops (153 million hectares of crops and 12.
967 million hectares of orchard), the amount of fertilizer applied per hectare was 358 kg
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??? In response to major problems in the production and use of chemical fertilizers in China, such as large input, short fertilizer effectiveness, low utilization rate, and pollution of the atmosphere and groundwater, the Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology has lasted for more than 30 years and after three generations of scientists' concentrated work, It has successively developed stable fertilizer products of international advanced level such as long-acting urea, long-acting ammonium bicarbonate, stable compound fertilizer additives, stable nitrogen fertilizer synergist, etc.
, creating a precedent for the industrialization of stable fertilizers
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??? The stable fertilizer technology developed by the Shenyang Institute of Ecology has successively won 1 special prize of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, two second prizes of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, and two first prizes of the Provincial and Ministerial Science and Technology Progress Award.
In 2012, he was engaged in research and development.
The team won the title of Innovation Team of the Ministry of Agriculture
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??? The main force in the new-type fertilizer market??? Wu Zhijie is one of the third generation of scientific research workers engaged in stable fertilizers.
He pointed out that stable fertilizers have the characteristics of long fertilizer effectiveness, one-time fertilization without topdressing, and high nutrient utilization.

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Compared with ordinary fertilizers, stable fertilizers can reduce ammonia and nitrous oxide volatilization and emissions by 43% to 64.
7%, increase nitrogen utilization by 8 to 12 percentage points, and increase fertilizer phosphorus efficiency by 28%, which can be reduced without reducing production Fertilizer input is 20%-30%, and the cost per ton only increases by 60-70 yuan
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??? Lu Zongyun said: “Stable fertilizers are popular among farmers because of their long-term and high-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers and obvious advantages of low cost.
The new fertilizer with the most sales
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" The main application crops for stable fertilizers are corn (over 80%), followed by rice, wheat and fruit trees
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??? Statistics from the Shenyang Ecological Institute show that in 2015, the total sales volume of stable fertilizers nationwide was about 1.
4 million tons, of which nearly 1.
2 million tons used the technological achievements (fertilizer additives) provided by Shenyang Ecological
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Among them, the sales of stable fertilizers in the northeast market account for about 60% of the national stable fertilizer market, and the southwest market accounts for about 20%.
In addition, the summer corn in the Central Plains and the mulched corn in the northwest also have huge promotion prospects.

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??? Lu Zongyun said that at present, there are Shandong Shikefeng Chemical, Heilongjiang Beifeng Agricultural Materials, Kunming Nongjiale Compound Fertilizer, Hebei Zhongjia Fertilizer, Zhongyan Anhui Hongsifang Chemical, Hubei Xiangyun Chemical, Shandong Luxi Chemical, Jiangxi Kaimenzi 28 large and medium-sized enterprises such as chemical industry have adopted this technology to form a number of well-known brands in the new fertilizer industry, such as: "Shi Kefeng" stable fertilizer, "Beifeng 2006" no top-dressing fertilizer, "Nongjiale" long-acting fertilizer, etc.
The annual output can be It reaches 1.
4 million tons, and it is increasing at a rate of more than 20% every year
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Areas with a larger area of ​​promotion and use are the three northeastern provinces, Yunnan, Guizhou and Chongqing in the southwest, Shandong, Hebei and Jiangsu, and Henan in Guangxi and the Central Plains
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"??? Call for inclusion in the national promotion system??? In order to better guide the healthy and orderly development of the stable fertilizer industry, in 2010, initiated by the Shenyang Ecological Research Institute, 68 domestic stable fertilizer companies and scientific research institutes were jointly established Established the Stable Fertilizer Industry Technology Innovation Alliance, which played a leading role in technological innovation, industrial development, fertilizer registration, national standard formulation, market supervision, etc.

??? In 2011, the alliance issued the “Stable Fertilizer” industry standard.
The standard has also been approved by the National Fertilizer Standards Committee in January 2015.
This work has promoted the healthy development of the market
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Shi Yuanliang introduced the development of the alliance and added: "At present, China's stable fertilizer technology products have accounted for Over 85% of the national slow and controlled release fertilizer market, the total annual output has reached 1/3 of the world output, ranking first in the world
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??? Now that the national standard for stable fertilizers has passed the review of the Standards Committee, three researchers, Wu Zhijie, Shi Yuanliang and Lu Zongyun, agreed that it should be released and implemented as soon as possible, and said that only with standards can they provide management basis for law enforcement agencies.
Otherwise, there will be a lack of supervision and the prevalence of counterfeiting, which will seriously affect the healthy growth of the industry
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In addition, market supervision needs to be strengthened.
Survival of the fittest is a good way to eliminate excess and inferior production capacity and promote industrial upgrading.
If market supervision is not in place and counterfeiting is rampant, it may be possible It is the survival of the fittest
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??? The use of chemical fertilizers to achieve "zero growth" requires good fertilizers and good use methods for support.
Among the current new fertilizers, stable fertilizers are universally recognized in the world for field crops.
fertilizer
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Wu Zhijie, Shi Yuanliang and Lu Zongyun hope that the country can incorporate stable fertilizers into the new agricultural technology extension system to promote the rapid development of this industry
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??? The three researchers also found based on years of work that China’s nitrogen fertilizer industry is severely troubled by overcapacity and product homogeneity, and it is in urgent need of industrial upgrading and product differentiation
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At the same time, stable fertilizer technology has its advantages of simple grafting process and low cost with nitrogen fertilizer enterprises.
However, due to the aging of the nitrogen fertilizer enterprise system, understanding and marketing ideas, there is insufficient understanding of new fertilizers.
If relevant national departments take the lead, joint research , Which will allow more companies to adopt stable fertilizers
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