SpaceX starship SN15 landed smoothly than expected, Cao Yuan's graphene research made a new breakthrough | Science and Technology Guide

SpaceX starship SN15 lands smoothly than expected

On May 6, SpaceX’s starship prototype SN15 conducted a high-altitude flight test near Boca Chica, Texas, and successfully achieved a vertical landing for the first time.

Elon Musk also said humorously on social media: "This is too embarrassing.

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The male Aedes aegypti mosquitoes released by Oxitec contain a lethal gene, which can pass the lethal gene to their offspring by mating with females, causing them to die in the larval stage.

Previously, the company had released the genetically modified mosquitoes in some areas of Brazil, Panama, Malaysia and the Cayman Islands, reducing the number of Aedes aegypti in the released areas by nearly 90%.

Wit completed the fifth flight and landed at the new airport

On May 8, Beijing time, Giz made its fifth flight to Mars.

However, unlike the previous four flights, this time itinerary is one-way.

New ideas for cancer treatment, eliminating cancer cells by squeezing

The red cells in the middle are being squeezed out from the embryonic tissue of the nematode.

Cell squeezing is a cell removal mechanism used by organisms from sponges to insects to humans.

Every 1cm increase in waist circumference is equivalent to 1 year old

Recently, in a study on Neurobiology of Aging, the research team investigated 8507 participants (52.

This study found three key points: higher BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist circumference are related to the decrease in blood supply to the brain; the decrease in cerebral blood flow caused by every 1 centimeter increase in waist circumference is equivalent to an increase in age by 1 year; higher The level of physical activity changes the link between decreased cerebral blood flow and obesity.

New brain-like computing devices can simulate human continuous learning

Neuromorphic circuit based on OECT, used to demonstrate associative learning Source: Nature Communications

On April 30, a study in Nature Communications showed that researchers have developed a brain-like computing device that can learn through association.

Similar to the "Pavlov's Dog" experiment, the researchers successfully correlated light with voltage by adjusting the circuit.

In this study, the researchers designed a novel organic electrochemical "synaptic transistor" that can process and store information at the same time like the human brain.

A new way to optimize the Hubble constant

Source: Astrophysical Journal Letters

Recently, in a study conducted by Astrophysical Journal Letters, an international team of scientists proposed a new calculation method that reduced the error rate of the Hubble constant to 2%.

This method measures the distance between the GW170817 binary neutron star and the earth by studying the gravitational wave signal when it merges, and measures its speed away from the earth by electromagnetic signals, thereby making a new independent calculation of the Hubble constant.

In addition, scientists have estimated the impact of future gravitational wave detectors on the accuracy of distance measurement, and believe that the accuracy of the future Hubble constant will only be affected by the measurement accuracy of the redshift of the EM counterpart of the gravitational wave event.

Artificial intelligence AI predicts the accuracy of primary lesions as high as 96%

Source: Nature

On May 5, a research paper published in the journal Nature showed that a research team has developed an artificial intelligence (AI) system that can accurately find the origin of metastatic tumors using conventional histological sections.
Differential diagnosis of Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) .

For tumors with known primary tumors, the prediction accuracy of the AI ​​model was 83%, and the prediction accuracy of Top3 was 96%.
For 317 cancers with unknown primary tumors (CUP), the AI ​​model’s diagnosis was consistent with the pathologist’s The agreement rate was 63%, and the top 3 diagnosis agreement rate was 82%.

The AI ​​system can improve the diagnosis of patients with complex metastatic cancer, especially in areas with poor medical resources.

Ultra-fast non-volatile memory with 20 ns write/erase

On May 3, in a study on Nature Nanotechnology, researchers constructed ultra-fast, non-volatile floating gate memory devices that achieved nanosecond (~20 ns) read and write Time, extremely high erase/write ratio (~1010) and storage time of more than 10 years.

The InSe channel, hBN tunnel barrier layer, and floating gate heterojunction of the new device have atomic-level sharp interface characteristics.
By applying a pulse voltage on the control gate to program/erase the floating gate memory, the floating gate memory exhibits extremely high storage performance.

If it is replaced with a self-built ultra-short pulse power supply, extremely high storage performance can also be achieved.
Replacing the channel with MoS2 can also achieve ultra-fast program/erase operations.

Based induced pluripotent stem cells of pancreatic cancer vaccine

Recently, a study in the "Stem Cell Report" indicated that iPSCs vaccines that can express antigens specific to pancreatic cancer cells have been developed.

The researchers first vaccinated mice with this vaccine, and then injected them with pancreatic cancer cells.
They found that 75% of the mice had no tumor growth, and the vaccinated mice had more immune cells and antibodies that targeted the tumor .

The iPSCs vaccine can target multiple tumor antigens at the same time, thereby reducing the possibility of tumor immune escape.
In the future, further studies are needed to prove whether the iPSCs vaccine is safe and effective in patients.

Scientists use quantum entanglement to achieve a "mechanical drum duo"

Scientists have achieved quantum entanglement with two mechanical drums.
Source: Teufel/NIST

On May 7, a study published in Science showed that researchers have extended quantum entanglement to large-scale macroscopic systems.
Using pulsed electromechanics, the researchers "entangled" two mechanical drums 20 microns wide, 14 microns long, and 100 nanometers thick, with a mass of 70 picograms.

In the experiment, the researchers first used two microwave pulses to cool and wind them with two pulses at the same time, and finally used two pulses to amplify and record the signals representing the quantum states of the two mechanical drums.
By measuring the approximate quantum limit of the positions of the two drum heads and the moment of momentum, and performing quantum state tomography, the "entanglement" is directly observed.

This kind of "entanglement" in the macroscopic system will play a role in the basic tests of quantum mechanics, and is expected to achieve sensing beyond the standard quantum limit, and will play a role in the development of future quantum networks as a long-lived node.

Cao Yuan’s latest research may promote the development of "magic angle" graphene in low-temperature circuits, quantum computing, etc.

Source: Nature Nanotechnology

On May 3, a study in Nature Nanotechnology discussed the high adjustability and non-local Josephson effect exhibited in magic-angle graphene tunneling devices.

Through the local electrostatic control of these phase structures of magic angle graphene, Cao Yuan’s research team designed and manufactured three different quantum electronic devices, including Josephson junction (also known as superconducting switch), spectral tunnel Devices and single-electron transistors.

These MATBG tunnel devices have multiple functions in a single material, and can be applied to graphene-based tunable superconducting qubits, on-chip superconducting circuits and electromagnetic sensing.
They can also be combined with related equipment for ultra-fine magnetic field measurement.