Space breeding: a new basis for the selection of traditional Chinese Medicine

Recently, with the successful return of China's fifth manned spacecraft, Shenzhou 10, China's first applied space flight test was a complete success From shenzhou-1 to shenzhou-9, with people's deeper understanding and exploration of space, "space breeding" is quietly entering people's real life from a field that can only be imagined in the past, so that we unconsciously enjoy the "benefits" brought by these space exploration: for example, some high-quality and delicious green peppers, cherries and tomatoes in the supermarket, many of them are space Experimental products, including rice, vegetables, fruits, flowers and other excellent varieties, have entered the homes of ordinary people Space breeding plays a more and more important role in promoting variety cultivation and supporting industrial development and upgrading for the traditional Chinese medicine industry, which is lack of wild resources, unstable quality and degraded germplasm In space flight over the years, there have been prices of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Platycodon grandiflorum, Ganoderma lucidum, Scutellaria baicalensis, Dendrobium candidum, liquorice, andrographia, and other Chinese herbal medicines This year, three price varieties of Ganoderma lucidum and three price varieties of Dendrobium officinale of shouxiangu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd took shenzhou-10 to enter the space, and will enter the next link of breeding research, which is also the third space trip of shouxiangu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd As early as August 2005, the Long March 2C launch vehicle launched After 27 days of orbit operation, it brought back the price seeds of Dendrobium candidum and Ganoderma lucidum of shouxiangu pharmaceutical industry, which was the only price seeds of Ganoderma lucidum and Dendrobium through space breeding in China at that time In 2012, two price varieties of Ganoderma lucidum and three price varieties of Dendrobium candidum in shouxiangu pharmaceutical industry became "space voters" again Compared with traditional breeding methods, the frequency of seed gene mutation caused by space breeding is relatively high Traditional agricultural breeding usually takes 8 to 10 years, and space breeding may shorten the time Shouxiangu pharmaceutical industry has made further research and experiment on the seeds returned from space, and found that it has high resistance to insect damage and disease resistance After crossing with the price seeds of other cultivated Ganoderma lucidum and the price seeds of Dendrobium candidum, the new varieties obtained will be further studied to obtain more pure, high-yield, dual-use medicine and food, and higher value new varieties Shouxiangu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd has cultivated two new varieties "Xianhu No 1" and "Xianzhi No 1", which have been approved by Zhejiang provincial variety examination and Approval Committee, and has made use of space breeding "Xianhu No 1" has been determined by the authoritative department The content of polysaccharide is up to 47.1%, which is far higher than the national pharmacopoeia 25% standard and the price of wild Dendrobium candidum The content of polysaccharides and triterpenoids in "Xianzhi 1" was 2.47% and 0.83%, 31.03% and 39.04% higher than that of Japanese red ganoderma, 21.20% and 20.48% higher than that of Hanzhi It not only solves the problem of low content and activity of polysaccharides and triterpenoids, but also changes the embarrassing situation of long-term dependence on foreign Ganoderma varieties in China Researcher Li Mingyan, chairman of shouxiangu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., a national labor model and expert enjoying the special contribution allowance of the State Council, said: "there are problems in the development of traditional Chinese medicine, especially traditional Chinese medicine, one of which is the decline of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine To improve the quality of traditional Chinese medicine, the basis is the selection of traditional Chinese medicine varieties With the development of China's aerospace industry, it will promote the selection of excellent varieties of traditional Chinese medicine and bring new impetus to the development of traditional Chinese medicine What is space breeding? Space breeding is to plant crop seeds on the return ground satellite With the help of space super vacuum, microgravity, cosmic ray and other ground environment changes that can not be simulated, the seeds are mutated Through ground breeding, stable genetic properties are obtained, and new varieties are cultivated Space breeding is a kind of mutation breeding technology which can introduce foreign genes into crops without artificial methods to produce variation It can make the chromosome of crops produce gene mutation such as deletion, repetition, translocation and inversion This kind of variation is the same as the natural variation of natural plants, but only changes in time and frequency In essence, it only accelerates the natural variation that needs hundreds of years or even thousands of years in the biological world, thus shortening the breeding cycle.