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Plant mating system transitions are one of
the most common evolutionary phenomena in nature.
The transition of the mating system from heterobred to autobred is usually accompanied by a series of changes in phenotypic traits and genetic characteristics, known as inbred syndrome
.
To date, the genomic effects of the transformation of plant mating systems have been poorly understood
.
Primulina tabacum is a national key protected wild plant, currently only distributed in the karst and Danxia landform special habitats
of Nanling Mountain.
Previous studies have found that this species has a self-pollination mechanism of "petal shedding", which is significantly different from
the cross-pollination mechanism common to other primrose plants.
However, we also found that there is a diversity of mating systems within primrose species, and its natural populations have continuous variation from highly inbred to highly outbred, which provides ideal material
for studying the genetic effects of mating system transformation.
The Kang Ming research team of the Botanical Research Center of South China Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences took primula moss and cow's ear (Primulina eburnea) as the research objects, and systematically studied the genetic effects
of the mating system of primula primula from the genome level using whole genome sequencing and population genome resequencing data 。 The study found that the high inbred population of primrose moss has a typical genomic inbred syndrome, which is specifically manifested as the loss of genetic diversity, the decline of adaptive potential, the weakening of selection efficiency, the increase of linkage imbalance, the increase of genetic load and the accumulation of harmful mutations, which supports the hypothesis
that self-inbreeding is an evolutionary dead end.
However, there was no loss of genetic diversity and increased genetic load in the population of primrose moss mixed mating, indicating that mixed breeding can avoid the adverse effects
of self-inbreeding to a certain extent.
In addition, based on genetic diversity comparison and population history reconstruction, it is found that the loss of genetic diversity in highly inbred populations of primula is mainly caused by the transformation of mating system, rather than genetic bottleneck
.
This study provides detailed experimental evidence
for understanding the transformation and evolution of plant mating systems.
At the same time, the study found that primula has three highly genetically differentiated geographical lineages, which provides a theoretical basis
for the ex situ conservation strategy of this species.
The results have recently been published in
Molecular Ecology, an important international journal in evolutionary biology.
Yi Huiqin, a doctoral student of South China Botanical Garden, is the first author of the paper, and researcher Kang Ming is the corresponding author
of the paper.
The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Strategic Leading Science and Technology Special Project (Class B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Figure 1.
Phenotypic differences between primrose and cow ears
Figure 2.
Comparison of selection intensity, genetic load and adaptive evolution rate of primrose and cow ear purification
