Shortage and sustainable development of raw materials (4.13)

According to data statistics, at present, there are more than 10000 compound feed processing enterprises in China, with a processing capacity of 100 million tons However, the serious shortage of start-up causes a great waste of equipment resources So, does the insufficient start-up of feed enterprises indicate the excess production of feed products According to China's development strategy, by 2015, China's population will reach 1.6 billion, and China's population share of food will no longer increase In 2000, 2010 and 2020, China's energy feed resource demand was 255 million tons, 340 million tons and 408 million tons respectively, while the resource supply was 189 million tons, 257-297 million tons and 366-416 million tons respectively China's import of protein feed costs more than 10 billion yuan a year In 2000, 2010 and 2020, China's demand for protein feed resources was 45 million tons, 60 million tons and 72 million tons respectively, and the supply of resources was 21 million tons, 22 million tons and 24 million tons respectively We can imagine the gap between supply and demand In recent years, a large number of soybean meal and fish meal have been imported, resulting in the imbalance of supply and demand and the sharp rise and fall of prices This is the result of the shortage of protein resources In recent years, China, like other countries in the world, attaches great importance to the concept of "sustainable development" At the meeting, the voice of "taking the road of sustainable development" is heard all the time However, it is a huge and long-term task Taking the feed related agriculture (animal husbandry) as an example, we should not only maintain the genetic resources of land, water, food, animals and plants, but also adapt to the reality that the population is constantly expanding, industrial pollution is increasingly serious, and cultivated land is constantly being eroded Meanwhile, animal husbandry itself should also work hard in disease prevention and treatment, variety improvement, environmental protection, etc., and go on the road of sustainable development China is a big country of animal husbandry and population, and "people and animals compete for food" is a lingering shadow Although China's total feed output remained at a high level in 1999, about 80% of China's livestock and poultry were raised in rural areas in a decentralized way They almost did not consume commercial feed and ate coarse grains and wild vegetables of farmers If a quarter of these livestock and poultry eat commercial feed, then the feed output of our country will almost double, and the output of livestock and poultry products will also have a huge growth Therefore, from a macro perspective, in the long run, the price of corn is decreasing and the operation of feed factories is insufficient It is not the surplus of feed production, but the workers in our feed industry are not doing enough to give full play to the advantages of feed saving and scale breeding Of course, in addition to the shortage of feed materials, there are still outstanding problems in China, such as the lack of additives, poor quality and quantity The shortage of domestic additive varieties and quantity will be an important factor restricting the development of compound feed production in China in the medium and long term, and one of the main problems faced by feed industry development It is difficult to reverse the situation that vitamins, amino acids and antibiotic additives are heavily dependent on imports in the short term Although there are many kinds of drug additives, due to the rapid renewal of these additives, the long development cycle of new products, high technical requirements and large capital requirements, the level of large-scale production and development in China is still quite far from the world level Since the early 1980s, foreign countries have paid close attention to China's feed additive market, which has the potential to be swallowed All the additives we use today, such as spices, anticoccidial agents, mildew inhibitors, enzyme preparations and pigments, are imported from foreign countries first Although thousands of feed additive factories have been set up in China in the past 20 years, some of them are still under construction, but the varieties are few, the quality is poor and the quantity is insufficient After China's accession to the WTO, China's feed additive market will be more open It is the feed enzyme problem that can best explain the relationship between the above situation and the sustainable development of additives Wang Bei, a researcher at the Institute of animal husbandry, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, calculated a number In 1996, the national feed enzyme production was about 4000 tons, and the feed added with enzyme accounted for less than 10% of the total feed production in that year It is estimated that the annual output of compound feed in China will reach 65 million tons by 2000 If all enzymes are added and the added amount is calculated as 1 ‰, 65000 tons of enzyme preparation will be needed For example, 32500 tons of enzyme preparation is also needed in the calculation of adding enzyme in 50% of the national compound feed At present, the role of feed enzyme preparation in weight gain, environmental protection, grain saving, resource development and other aspects is universally recognized A large number of papers on feed enzyme preparation have been published in the industry's books, newspapers and magazines, with great publicity How to protect and utilize resources, the feed industry has done a lot of work The research and application of enzyme preparation is the measure to make full use of resources The use of "green additives" such as enzyme preparations has saved feed, reduced pollution and increased livestock and poultry products, which is a great good thing of "one stone, three birds, one arrow and three carving", but unfortunately, less than 10% of the compound feed in China has been added with enzyme preparations at present However, the United Kingdom and other western countries have expressly stipulated that the enzyme preparation must be added to the compound feed With the coming of the new century and the approaching step of entering WTO, we are facing greater opportunities and challenges The key to sustainable development is how to go better China feed industry information network y4l (author:)