Shocked! Nat Med research shows that tumors destroy the immune system throughout the body!

, June 23, 2020 /PRNewswire-BIOON/ -- With the advent of immunotherapy, progress has been made in cancer treatmentIn some cancers, immunotherapy can overcome the tumor's ability to evade the immune system by suppressing local immune responsesBut a new study in mice by researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, found that according to the original tissue of the cancer, tumors not only damage the immune system in theparts of the primarytumor, but also cause widespread and varied damage to the immune system throughout the bodythey say the greater success of immune treatment regimens will depend on taking into account these different immune system destruction patterns, and the results of the new study, published on the Nature Medicine website, have been studied inclinical trials"Different cancers do different things to change the immune system, helping cancer patients' immune systems attackcancerimmunotherapy that triggers a long-lasting immune response throughout the body," said Matthew Spitzer, a senior author of thestudy and a member of the UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and professor of otolaryngology"
the source of the picture; CellSpitzer's laboratory team, including the study's lead authors, Breanna Allen and Kamir Hiam, identified the blocking and activity of blood, bone marrow,
spleen, and peripheral immune cells from mice with different tumors ( brain, colorectal, pancreatic, skin andbreast cancer ) They used mass spectrometry, a recently improved technique that relies on unique metal molecular markers and mass spectrometry to quickly quantify and identify dozens of cell types in different active states Spitzer had earlier found that for immunotherapy to be effective, it needed to move away from the proliferation of new immune cells from tumors In the new study, his team has determined that untreated cancers not only alter the way the local and distant tumor's immune response unfolds, but that the damage to the immune system also evolves over time It is worth noting, however, that when tumor surgically removed, the immune system disorders the researchers tracked were reversed Three different types of breast cancer detected in the study caused similar patterns of destruction at the epithelyimmune site, while tumors originating in other tissues resulted in significant lying different changes in relative abundance and activity of different immune cell types Allen says these differences may be a double reflection of anatomy and physiology "Different tissues have different needs and risks when interacting with the immune system," she said "Compared to other tissues, areas such as breasts with high fat content and high flow are different from the immune system's contact and interaction Even in the brain, which is often seen as a protected compartment that rejects most immune cells, we find that local
tumor
have an effect on the immune system, even on the body's peripheral immune response, even though we see different responses than we observe in breast cancer "
to assess whether cancer has a similar effect on the human immune system, the researchers also analyzed publicly available data on immune markers in the blood of human breast cancer patients and compared it with data from healthy individuals They found changes in the immune system of cancer patients, in line with new mouse data, suggesting that the findings could be directly applied to improved human immunotherapy the immune system's reduced resistance to infection
although different types of tumors different effects on the immune system in the study, a common feature the researchers found is the weakening of the immune system's ability to produce new immune responses, an important consideration in the fight against infection and cancer it is well known that cancer patients are less responsive to infection and vaccination, but it is not clear to what extent this may be due to the immunosuppressive effects of the treatment, not the cancer itself The new study at the University of California, San Francisco, supports the evidence that cancer weakens the immune system's response to infections before any treatment: Researchers have found that mice with cancer have a weakened immune response to viruses and bacteria infections cancer immunotherapy is most effective for patients whose immune system has already developed an immune response; However, new research suggests that many tumors may reduce the effectiveness of these treatments by systematically reducing the number of immune cells that can be stimulated "Our results suggest that in the context of cancer, there is an unrecognized damage to the new cellular immune response," Spitzer said "
tumor growth in this study is associated with reduced activity in antigen-presentcells, which is a necessary step for new T-cells to be activated Antigen-raised cells capture foreign target molecules or antigens and show them to other cells in the immune system, including T-cells As a result, cells that detect antigen targets are prepared to expand their ranks to attack any tumor
or infectious pathogen that displays the same antigen "Our study shows that antigen-borne cells may have significant functional changes in cancer patients that impair the immune response," said Hiam "
photo source: Nat Med
researchers determined that poor antigen transmission cells in cancer mice were the cause of the reduced response to infection By treating mice with so-called "co-stimulating molecules", they were able to promote the activation of antigen-presenting cells and the immune response to infection, and "co-stimulating molecules" are usually manufactured by the immune system "Looking ahead, we'll see cancer patients receive a different dose of flu vaccine , such as a vaccine that healthy people don't need, that activate antigen-delivering cells and produce a good immune response," said spitzer, "
" our hope for the future is that the results of this study will enable us to produce more effective immunotherapy treatments for more patients, not just targeting T cells, but also considering the environment in habits and other types of cells where these T cells live, and they need to communicate in order to properly activate and attack tumors "Spitzer is working with Oncology to conduct clinical trials to explore treatments for reactivating antigen-raised cells, including a phase II trial to treat pancreatic cancer (BioValleyBioon.com) References: The Tumors disrupt the immune system throughout the body bodybody immune i'r big for fighting cancer, researchers say
Breanna M Allen et al, 's systemic and the mesa and plastic of the thee macroenvironment scancer,
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0892-6
Mathew H.Spitzer et al.
Systemici I Is SNeed for Effective Cancer Immunotherapy Cell, DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.12.022, .