Several factors affecting the rate of artificial insemination and fertilization in goats

Abstract: last year, our county vigorously developed goats and popularized goat artificial insemination technology After one year's practice, the fertilization rate was relatively low, and the enthusiasm of sheep farmers declined In order to improve the artificial insemination and fertilization rate of goats and speed up the improvement of goats, the author analyzes the process of artificial insemination of goats and puts forward specific improvement measures Key words: goat artificial insemination breeding rate last year, our county has vigorously developed goats, introduced 15 Boer goats to breed rams, established a sheep farm, and introduced 2578 excellent ewes in five towns The introduced ewes are bred by artificial insemination, and human insemination technology is promoted After several months of practice, the fertilization rate was only 46.5% In order to improve the utilization value of breeding ram, improve the rate of artificial insemination and fertilization, and speed up the improvement step of goat In this paper, the process of artificial insemination in goats was investigated to find out the cause of low mating rate, and the solution was put forward 1 Basic information of artificial insemination Boer goat breeding rams are fed in the sheep farm, and a manual insemination station is built in each township to inseminate more than 2500 introduced ewes (all of them are primiparas) After the ewe has oestrus, the breeder sends the oestrus ewe to the artificial insemination station The artificial insemination station will go to the sheep farm to collect semen every day, and the semen will be collected and matched on the same day Every afternoon, semen will be collected back to the artificial insemination station, and the ewes sent that day will be mated From late August of last year, the artificial insemination station began to breed 2321 times, 1079 of them were pregnant, with a fertilization rate of 46.49% Second, the reason analysis of the low rate of artificial insemination 1 Breeding management and semen quality of breeding ram In terms of feeding management, RAM farms have good conditions and rich feed nutrition Every day, they need to supplement protein rich concentrate, feed eggs, etc they have rich forage There are more than 400 mu of artificial grassland, and there are sports fields in the farms, which can meet the needs of ram breeding in nutrition, sports and other aspects The semen quality of 15 male sheep was identified The activity of semen was over 0.85, and the color and smell of semen were normal Therefore, from the perspective of semen quality, it will not affect the fertilization rate 2 Transportation of semen The distance from each artificial insemination station to sheep farm is within 1 hour The transportation distance is not far, the time required is not long, and the semen activity is not affected much The sperm activity of each artificial insemination station is more than 0.75 Therefore, from the perspective of semen transport, it will not affect the fertilization rate 3 As for ewes, all ewes are first born goats The estrus and ovulation of first born ewes are irregular, some estrus symptoms are not obvious, the fertilization rate is relatively low, and the requirements for artificial insemination technology of first born ewes are relatively higher, which has a certain impact on the fertilization rate of artificial insemination 4 Breeding time First, there are some farmers who have not raised goats before, have no experience in raising and management of sheep, cannot observe the oestrus of goats in time, and have missed the best breeding time Second, sheep farmers are scattered Some of them are far away from the artificial insemination station, and the transportation is inconvenient It takes 2-3 hours for remote sheep farmers to reach the artificial insemination station, which delays the best breeding time Third, semen can only be collected in the afternoon every day Some ewes wait too long in the artificial insemination station, which also causes some ewes to miss the best breeding time and affects the fertilization rate 5 Artificial insemination technology Our county has not carried out artificial insemination of sheep before All the artificial inseminators have just trained last year They are not proficient in artificial insemination technology, and the position and time of insemination are not accurate Especially for the first born ewes, the difficulty of breeding is even greater, resulting in the decrease of fertilization rate 6 Climate factors Since late August last year, the breeding rate has been the highest in September and October, reaching 58.3%, and it has gradually declined since November It shows that climate also has a certain impact on fertilization rate 3、 Measures In view of this situation in our county, the following solutions are proposed 1 To further promote the artificial insemination work and broaden the artificial insemination surface, all the goats raised by the farmers should carry out the artificial insemination, choose the relatively centralized place with better conditions, add the artificial insemination station (point), and put the breeding rams in the artificial insemination station (point) for feeding, which can shorten the distance, reduce the intermediate link, reduce the delay in time, so as to be able to breed in time 2 Strengthen training On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the training of the artificial inseminators to make them master the artificial insemination technology On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the training of the breeders, improve their breeding management technology for the breeding mothers, master the breeding Law of the ewes, and find the oestrus ewes as soon as possible 3 Reasonably arrange the breeding season, try to arrange the breeding season in spring and autumn when the climate is suitable and the breeding rate is high Reference: measures to improve the rate of artificial insemination and fertilization in goats, agricultural science and technology communication, No 10, 2003