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| Scientists reveal the dynamic evolution and function of corn "fossil" structure variation |
Recently, Professor Jin Weiwei's research group from the National Corn Improvement Center of China Agricultural University and Dong Chaobin's research group have published research papers in "Genome Biology"
.
The research conducted in-depth exploration of large-fragment deletion variants (PAV) in the maize genome by integrating cytogenetics, genomics, population genetics and other methods, revealing the evolutionary dynamics and evolution of one of the large-fragment deletion variants originating from the friction grass.
Maize is directly domesticated from the genus Zeus.
In the periphery of Zea genus, the closest genetic relationship is the genus Rubia, but there is reproductive isolation between the two
.
Before the confirmation of the domesticated ancestor of corn, the rubbinggrass was considered to be the domesticated origin of corn
RegionA is located at the end of the short arm of chromosome 6, and is generally considered to have a higher frequency of recombination exchange, but it maintains a high degree of integrity in natural populations
.
Researchers through the corrected genome sequence analysis and Oligo fluorescence in situ hybridization experiment (FISH) found that the entire fragment of RegionA is just embedded in the nucleolar organization region (NOR) 45S rDNA sequence, and previous studies have shown that the NOR nucleolar organization region Suppresses the frequency of recombination in and around this area
The researchers also explored RegionA from the perspective of population genetics and found that its internal and adjacent regions have extremely low nucleotide polymorphisms, and the frequency of the presence of this fragment in the population has been gradually shown as the process of maize domestication and improvement.
Enriched
.
In addition, a selective clearance signal was also found inside, indicating that the fragment may have been positively selected during the process of domestication and adaptation
Based on the above data, the author outlines the evolutionary pattern of the origin of RegionA: It may have originated from the common ancestor of Fritograss and maize and has survived to the present; it may also occur directly before the reproductive isolation between ancient Frictiongrass and maize.
Genetic infiltration made the RegionA derived from Frictiongrass to be transferred to maize
.
In general, this research analyzes the dynamic evolution and function of "fossil" structural variation in the process of genome evolution and speciation, and provides theoretical research on maize speciation and domestication process, as well as the application of genetic resources of genomic structural variation in breeding.
New ideas
.
(Source: Wang Fang, China Science News)
Related paper information: https://doi.
https://doi.
org/10.
1186/s13059-021-02448-2
