Scientists have found that cells process defective proteins called "cleavage enzymes"

According to Xinhua news agency, Tokyo, July 27 (reporter Qian Zheng), Japanese scientists have further explored the quality control mechanism of cell processing defective proteins, according to a new online edition of science magazine This result may help to find new ways to treat Alzheimer's disease and other diseases Professor Yoda Hehong and others from Kyoto University in Japan found that there are three kinds of proteins on the endoplasmic reticulum, which work together cleverly, detect, decompose and process defective proteins, and undertake the task of quality management of proteins in cells Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membrane conduit system distributed in the cytoplasm, which has the functions of protein synthesis, processing and packaging They have previously found that a protein called "edem" can detect defective proteins in cells, equivalent to the "quality director" of proteins in cells New research also found that "erdj5" and other two enzymes also play an important role in the treatment of defective proteins The two enzymes can break down the defective protein into a long and thin molecular chain and transport it out of the endoplasmic reticulum for disposal, scientists said Among them, "erdj5" is the first enzyme which can break down the disulfide bond in the defective protein The disulfide bond is broken down so that the defective protein can be completely decomposed, and the decomposed amino acid can be used to synthesize other proteins again Gene abnormality and other reasons will lead to the body's wrong synthesis of defective proteins If these proteins accumulate in nerves and other places, they will cause Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease and other diseases In the future, if we can rely on drugs to activate the quality control mechanism in cells, we may find new therapies for these diseases