Scientists found abnormal protein behavior in human body: hope to cure dementia

Recently, a new study shows that not all proteins are made of DNA Some proteins can be transformed from other proteins The most important mission of human cells is to synthesize proteins based on DNA In the field of molecular biology, this process is of great significance Protein is evolved from amino acids in ribosome cell structure In general, the code of each protein molecule is written in DNA from antibody cells to muscle tissue structure, and then transmitted to ribosome through messenger RNA After that, the genetic information is manipulated by transfer RNA to form proteins Science today released an image showing a completely different way of protein synthesis In the picture, the yellow dot group is a protein called rqc2, which functions in accordance with messenger RNA It connects the blue to the green spot of the transfer RNA and inserts a random sequence of amino acids into the protein string through a white wire like ribosome The process described above is not a protein mutation, but a part of a protein in the process of formation caused by a mistake, which is in a circular motion When natural life processes fail, ribosomes stop working and recall a set of high-energy proteins, including rqc2 In the experimental observation phase, the researchers found how rqc2 was linked to the transfer RNA, and made it insert a random sequence of two amino acids into a protein chain composed of 20 amino acids Researchers have shown that rqc2's seemingly abnormal behavior is likely to be an effective guarantee to ensure that there is no defective protein in the human body Because it can mark out the faulty proteins for destruction In addition, it can also detect the amino acid sequence of ribosome to determine whether its function is normal When people lack the process of monitoring their protein quality, they are likely to suffer from Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease, an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease Therefore, it is very important to understand the specific time and location of rqc2 activation for the development of treatment methods for neurodegenerative diseases, which is the main direction of this research in the future (Zhao Xiaonan)