Science Sub-journal: A new COVID-19 antibody test has been developed.

, 20 2020 /PRNewswire/Biovalley
BIOON/--- As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, thousands of new infections are reported daily, and a widerange test method is needed to better understand the infection rate, especially in people with mild or asymptomatic symptoms, who remain carriers of the virusIn a new study, researchers at the University of North Carolina at Church Hill, The University of California,Institute of Immunology, the University of California, San Diego, and Emory University developed a new antibody test --- a simplified experimental test that can accelerate the testing of thousands of blood samples in laboratories that do not have the resources of commercial laboratories and large academic medical centersThe findings were published on June 11, 2020 in the journal Science Logic, with the title "The The rter domain of the viral cell is san san dweel and highly specific target of antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 patients"images from Science Immunology, 2020, doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abc8413the researchers developed a blood test to identify SARS-CoV-2 antibodies that target a unique fragment of the SARS-CoV-2 stingproteinThis unique fragment is called the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD)Their ANTIbody testing method based on RBD measured the level of this domain, which they found was related to the level of vital neutralizing antibodies that provide immunityRBD of the sting protein in SARS-CoV-2 does not exist in other known human or animal coronavirusesTherefore, antibodies against this domain may be highly specific to SARS-CoV-2, so these antibodies can reveal whether individuals have been exposed to the new coronavirus, which causes COVID-19In fact, when the researchers tested blood collected from people exposed to other coronaviruses, the blood did not contain antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 RBD"Our tests are extremely specific to the antibodies that cause COVID-19 coronaviruses, which are not available in some current antibody tests," said Aravinda de Silva, co-author of thepaper and a member of the Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases at the University of North Carolina at Church HillOur results strongly support the use of RBD-based antibody testing for population-level monitoring and as a correlation factor in the neutralizing of antibody levels in people recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection "We are now further simplifying our testing method to make it a cheap test method, so that our test method can be completed in about 70 minutes without compromising the quality of the test, rather than taking four to five hours," said Dr Prem Lakshmanane, first author of the paper and an assistant
professor of microbiology and immunology at the University of North Carolina at Church Hill "
during the closure of the University of North Carolina at Church Hill, Lakshmanane led a team of researchers, including Dr Ramesh Radi, Bruno Segovia-Chumbez and Dr Rajendra Raut--- each of them designated as emergency staff --- developing this test method from scratch The team designed new antigens and used SARS-CoV-2 patients, human control groups, and animal samples From the ninth day after the onstout of symptoms and above, this test allowed the researchers to accurately identify RBD-based SARS-CoV-2 antibodies world-renowned coronavirus expert and professor of epidemiology at the Gillings School of Global Public Health at the University of North Carolina at Church Hill, developed a method for measuring neutralizing antibodies in clinical samples The method of measuring neutralizing antibodies takes approximately three days to complete and usually requires special, high-containment facilities, which are necessary for the safe handling of infectious viruses De Silva's laboratory worked with Dr David Martinez of Baric Labs to test whether the level of RBD-based antibodies in patients was related to neutralizing antibody levels detected using this test "We observed a robust correlation between the level of RBD-binding antibodies and the levels of SARS-CoV-2 and the levels of antibodies in individual samples," Lakshmanane said This means that our test method scanns not only people exposed to SARS-CoV-2, but can also be used to predict levels of neutralizing antibodies and identify potential donors for plasma therapy the researchers have received requests from scientists from the United States and around the world to help them establish this new test in research labs to monitor people for SARS-CoV-2 infection "We don't see our research as a substitute for commercial testing," de Silva said Commercial testing is critical, especially in making decisions about the clinical management of individual patients However, it is still too early to know whether commercial tests are suitable for identifying people with mild or no symptoms after infection, and whether to tell us anything about protective immunity, because scientists are still learning about the coronavirus added, "It is important that researchers remain involved, monitor antibody responses and other biological details, and fine-tune test methods to meet the different needs of individual patients, public health communities, and vaccine developers." "(Bio Valley Bioon.com) References: Lakshmanane Premkumar et The seine domain of the sbies thin tha iad and a tha bhem sauedd a tha a' Science Immunology, 2020, doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abc8413.
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