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Synthetic genetic circuits designed to reprogram gene expression in the roots of plants could potentially be used to alter how they grow
Global food production is increasingly threatened by the impacts of climate change
Researchers at Stanford University are studying how to manipulate biological processes in plants to help them grow more efficiently in a variety of conditions
Brophy said: "Our synthetic gene circuits will allow us to build very specific root systems or very specific leaf structures to understand what is best for the challenging environmental conditions we know are coming
program code for plants
Current GM crop varieties use relatively simple, imprecise systems to make all of their cells express the genes needed for resistance to herbicides or pests
The depth and shape of a plant's root system affects how efficiently it extracts different resources from the soil
"Our modern crop varieties have lost their ability to respond to soil nutrients," said José Dinneny, associate professor of biology in the College of Humanities and Sciences and one of the paper's lead authors
From model organisms to modern crops
Brophy has designed more than 1,000 potential circuits capable of manipulating gene expression in plants
Now that they have shown that they can alter the growth structure of model organisms, the researchers intend to apply these same tools to commercial crops
Brophy said: "Climate change is changing the agricultural conditions of the plants that we grow for food, fuel, fibre and pharmaceutical raw materials
Synthetic genetic circuits as a means of reprogramming plant roots
