Science: Multiple vulnerable targets for the new coronavirus were identified using powerful neutralizing antibodies from patients with COVID-19.

, June 22, 2020 /
Bio valleyBIOON/--- Since December 8, 2019, several cases of pneumonia with an unknown cause have been reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, ChinaMost of the patients work edtherece at or near the local South China Seafood Wholesale MarketIn the early stages of this pneumonia, severe symptoms of acute respiratory infections develop, and some patients develop rapidly into acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS, acute respiratory failure and other serious complicationsOn January 7, 2020, the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified a new coronavirus from a patient's pharynx sample, initially named 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organization (WHO)Most patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia have mild symptoms and a good prognosisSo far, some patients have developed severe pneumonia, pulmonary edema, ARDS or multiple organ failure and death11 February 2020, WHO renamed the disease 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)On the same day, the Coronary Virus Research Group of the International Committee on Virus Classification and Naming viruses published an article in bioRxiv, noting that the team had decided that the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV was a variant of the 2002-2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoVTherefore, the new pathogen was renamed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2It is worth noting that although the International Virus Classification Board's Coronary Virus Research Group named the virus SARS-CoV-2, the team's chairman, John Ziebuhr, does not believe that the name (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, also known as atypical pneumonia)However, the renaming of the virus has caused a lot of controversyThe World Health Organization is not satisfied with the name SARS-CoV-2 and does not intend to use it, Science.com reportedcoronavirus can cause multi-system infections in a variety of animalsPrior to this, there were six coronaviruses that could infect humans, mainly causing respiratory infections in humans: two highly deadly coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) and MERS (MERS) coronaviruses (MERS-CoV);The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 has had a significant impact on global health, tourism and the economy Therefore, there is an urgent need for preventive and curative measures Patients with COVID-19 during rehabilitation exhibited strong anti-SARS-CoV-2 stingray protein (S protein)-specific B-cell reactions and produced memory B cells and Antibody-producing B-cells, which may be involved in the control of infection and the establishment of body fluid immunity in a new study , researchers from the University of Amsterdam, Erasmus Medical Center, the Scripps Institute in the United States and the Weill School of Medicine at Cornell University isolated 18 neutral antibodies (NAb) from three patients in rehab using a stable prefusion of pre-fusion protein from SARS-CoV-2 The findings were published online June 15, 2020 in the journal Science, with the title "Potent neutral anti-dings frombodies COVID-19 patients define multiple targets of the vulnerability" images from Science, 2020, doi:10.1126/science.abc5902 these antibodies have low-level somatic hypermutations and exhibit strong concentrations in the use of VH1-69, VH3-30-3 and VH1-24 genes A small number of these antibodies can effectively suppress true SARS-CoV-2 infection as low as 0.007?g/mL competition and electroscope studies show that the SARS-CoV-2 S protein contains several different antigen sites, including multiple receptor-binding domain (RBD) epitopes and non-RBD epitopes In addition to providing guidance for vaccine design, these antibodies are also promising candidates for COVID-19 treatment and prevention different antigen sites on these 19 targeted S proteins, two neutralizing antibodies have pimore neutrality and activity on the real SARS-CoV-2 virus (IC
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0.007 and 0.009 g/mL, or 47 and 60pM, respectively) this indicates that THE NEUTRALIZING AND CROSS-REACTION OF HIGH AFFINITY AND CROSS-REACTION SEPRESENCE OF SARS-COV-2 INFECTION IS TARGETED AT RBD AND NON-RBD SITES ON THE S PROTEIN The VH fragments of several powerful neutralized antibodies are almost identical to their lineage sources, which offers hope that similar neutralizing antibodies are induced through vaccination, because extensive affinity maturation does not seem to be necessary for strong neutralizing interestingly, the most powerful neutral antibodies target RBD on the S protein and belong to the same antibody competing cluster, but they are isolated from two different patients and have little genotype similarity Although it is difficult to make direct comparisons, the neutralizing effects of these neutralized antibodies and several other neutralized antibodies exceed the efficacy of the latest HIV-1 and Ebola monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and the approved anti-RSV mAb drug palizumab, which is undergoing clinical evaluation large-scale competitive tests based on surface plasma resonance (SPR), the researchers identified neutralizing antibodies that target multiple vulnerable sites on the surface of the RBD, as well as additional previously undetermined non-RBD epitopes on the SURFACE of SARS-CoV-2 This is consistent with the identification of multiple antigen RBD sites in SARS-CoV-2 and the presence of additional non-RBD bits on the S proteins of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV Subsequent structural characterization of these powerful neutralizing antibodies will guide vaccine design, while simultaneously targeting multiple non-RBD and RBD epitopes using neutralizing antibody mixtures to pave the way for safe and effective prevention and treatment of COVID-19 (Bio Valley Bioon.com) References: Philip J M Brouwer et al Potent neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients sydd sops targets of the Science, 2020, doi: 10.1126/science.abc5902.
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