Science Journal Highlights, May 8, 2020

May 14, 2020 /
PRNewswire
BIOON/--- this week, a new issue of the Journal of Science (May 8, 2020) is there any thing that's fascinating about it? Let the little make-up come togetherimages from the Journal of Science1.
Science: The anti-cancer drug Elismo is expected to treat copper deficiency such as Menkes disease
doi: 10.1126/science.aaz8899; doi:10.1126/science.abb6662
men's disease is a raregeneticdisease, with approximately 1 birth in every 50,000 to 300,000 newbornsYoung children with the disease usually die within three years of birth, and the cause of death is genetic mutations that limit their body's ability to absorb and utilize copper from their dietCopper deficiency can lead to severe brain damage and neuromuscular dysfunctionIn a new study, a team led by DrJames Sacchettini, a professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at Texas Agricultural University, and DrVishal Gohil, an assistant professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, outlined their latest findings: The use of the anti-cancer drug elesclomol is expected to treat copper deficiency in MenkesdiseaseThe findings provide good news for patients with copper deficiency, especially those diagnosed byinfants with Menkes disease The findings, published may 8 in the journal Science, are titled "Elesclomolains Menkespathology and mortality byescorting Cutocuproenzymesinmice." "Experimental therapies are not effective in overcoming the most serious symptoms or early mortality of the disease," Sacchettini said Gohil said, "Our current study documented the efficacy of using Elismo in the Menkes mouse model, which brings us one step closer to clinical trial ." "
2.
Science: Significant progress! Build artificial chloroform, more efficient than natural photosynthesis! doi:10.1126/science.aaz6802; doi:10.1126/science.abc1226
Over a billion-year period, microbes and plants have evolved an extraordinary process known as photosynthesis Photosynthesis converts the sun's energy into chemical energy, providing food and oxygen for all life on Earth As a cell chamber for photosynthesis, chloroplasts are probably the most important natural engines on Earth Many scientists believe that the process of artificial reconstruction and control of photosynthesis is "the Apollo program of our time" This would mean the ability to produce clean energy--- clean fuels, clean carbon compounds such as antibiotics , and other products produced by light and carbon dioxide alone but how do you build a living photosynthesis cell from scratch? The key to simulating the photosynthesis process of living cells is to have its components work together at the right time and place At the Map Society in Germany, this ambitious goal was achieved in an interdisciplinary multi-laboratory program, the MaxSynBio Network --- Now, a team of researchers led by Director Tobias Erb has successfully created a platform for automatically building cell-sized photosynthesis chamber --- artificial chloroplast, which can be used to capture and convert the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide with light The findings, published may 8 in the journal Science, are titled "Light-poweredCO2fixationaplastapapapapatoridesandandre." 3.
Science: Using mobile apps that track close contacts to control coronavirus transmission
doi: 10.1126/science.abb6936
in a new study, researchers from the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom have further edifled our understanding of the spread of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 This evidence allows a number of international partners, including NHSX UK and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, to assess the feasibility of developing mobile applications that instantly track contacts in record time If these mobile applications are developed quickly and extensively, they may help significantly reduce the rate of transmission and help countries safely get out of the blockade as restrictions gradually ease The results were published online March 31, 2020 in the journal Science under the title "Quantifying SARS-CoV-CoV-2transmissionssuggestswithswithcontrolwith." "We need a mobile contact tracking app to urgently support health services to control the spread of coronaviruses, develop targeted interventions and ensure people's safety," said Professor Christophe Fraser, author of the paper and author of the paper and from the Nuffield Department of Medicine at the University of Oxford 's Institute of Big Data Our analysis shows that about half of the transmission occurs in the early stages of infection, that is, before the infected person shows any symptoms of infection Our mathematical model also stresses that the data provided by traditional public health contact tracking methods are incomplete and cannot keep pace with the spread of the epidemic "The mobile app concept we modeled mathematically is simple and doesn't need to track where you are; it uses a low-energy version of Bluetooth to record people who have had close contact with all app users in recent days," explains Dr David Bonsall, a paper co-author and senior researcher in the Department of Medicine at Nuffield, Oxford, and clinician at John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, explains If you become infected later, those who come into contact with you will be immediately alerted anonymously and advised to go home for self-isolation If application users decide to share additional data, they can support health services to identify outbreak trends and target those who need it most "
these authors believe that mobile applications can reduce transmission at any stage of the outbreak, i.e in the country or region where the outbreak has just occurred, at the peak of the outbreak, or to support the safe lifting of mobile restrictions or blockades It may also help to reduce the serious social, psychological and economic impact of widespread closures Crucially, the researchers believe that mobile apps could help slow the spread of infections before vaccines and antiviral drugs are widely available 4.
Science Heavyweight! The Achilles heel of SARS-CoV-2 or its binding point to SARS antibodies! doi: 10.1126/science.abb7269
An antibody found in a SARS survivor in the early 2000s reveals the potential weakness of the new coronavirus that has led to COVID-19, according to a study by scientists at the Scripps Institute , published In the Journal of Science on April 3rd, the study, for the first time, depicts the interaction of human antibodies with new coronaviruses at resolutions close to the atomic scale This antibody is produced when SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) infection occurs, and although SARS is caused by the SARS-CoV virus, it can cross-react with the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 The structural map reveals that the antibody binds to almost the same site on the two coronaviruses, indicating that the site is an important function and vulnerability site of the coronavirus family "knowledge of location conservatism like this can help with structurally based design of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies that will also prevent other possible coronaviruses in the future," said Ian Wilson, senior author of the study and chair of the Department of Computational Biology and Integrated Structures at the Scripps Institute and professor of structural biology 5.
Science Heavyweight! China's control measures have prevented at least 700,000 COVID-19 cases! doi: 10.1126/science.abb6105
According to an international research team, China's control measures in the first 50 days of the COVID-19 outbreak may have delayed the spread of the virus to cities outside Wuhan by several days and blocked the spread nationwide, preventing more than 700,000 infections across the country The findings, published March 31 in the journal Science, may be useful in countries still in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak "As of February 19, there were about 30,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases in China," said Christopher Dye, a visiting scholar and professor of zoology at Martin College, Oxford University Our analysis shows that without the Wuhan travel ban and the national emergency response, there would be more than 700,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases outside Wuhan by that day China's control measures have succeeded in breaking the chain of communication prevention between infectious diseases and susceptible populations Ottar Bjornstad, a professor of entomology and biology at Pennsylvania State University, said: "One interesting aspect of our work is that it shows the power of new data streams such as mobile data on mobile phones Since the time period we studied included the Spring Festival holiday and the Chinese New Year, we were able to compare the traffic patterns in and out of Wuhan during the outbreak with mobile phone data for the previous two Chinese New Years The analysis shows a dramatic decline in the mobile population following the implementation of the travel ban on January 23, 2020 Based on these data, we can also calculate the possible reduction in Wuhan-related cases in other cities in China "
6.Science: Perceive the surface like a mosquito
doi: 10.1126/science.aaz9634; doi: 10.1126/science.abb0064
Although driverless cars use sonar or lidar to detect nearby objects, these methods can incur significant equipment and signal processing costs Research by Nakata et al shows that mosquitoes use the flow fields caused by the movement of their wings to detect surfaces Near the surface, mosquitoes can use their sensitive tentacles to detect small changes in pressure and speed The authors turnthis this process into a simple, low-cost way to detect the surface near the flying quadcopter (biovalleybioon.com)