Science: Immunotherapy and Microbiology strengthen the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.

Introduction: Immunotherapy for tumors is considered the third revolution in cancer.
although immunotherapy has made important breakthroughs in the treatment of tumors, the pathogenesicity of tumors, differences between individual patients and environmental factors will all affect the final treatment effect.
evidence that gut microbial ecology is also one of the important factors affecting the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.
several gut bacteria are associated with increased efficacy of checkpoint-blocking immunotherapy, but the potential mechanisms for the microbiome to enhance anti-tumor immunity are unclear.
Scientists questioned which gut bacteria could help the body's immune system fight cancerous tumors and how to do so, and why, in some cases, effective immunotherapy is a cancer treatment that enhances the body's immune response, while in others it does not.
Researchers at the Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases at the University of Calgary's CSM School of Medicine in Canada published a new study that isolated three bacterial species, including fake Bifidobacteria, Yoshitobacteria and Olson's, which significantly enhanced the effectiveness of immunosuppressants in four mouse cancer models.
new study identified a new microbial metabolite-immune pathway that can be activated through immunotherapy and can be used to develop microbial-based complementary therapies.
findings, published in the journal Science, suggest that immunotherapy, combined with specific microbial therapies, enhances the immune system's ability to recognize and attack certain melanomas, bladder cancers and colorectal cancer cells.
McCoy, an expert on the relationship between the human body and the microbiome.
and her team focus on harnessing the power of the microbiome to improve health and treat disease.
to harness and guide this dynamic, scientists need to better understand the role of bacteria in regulating the immune system, mcCoy said.
study provides strong evidence that gut microbiotics can positively affect anti-tumor immunity and improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy in the treatment of certain cancers, but how these bacteria do this remains elusive.
by demonstrating how certain bacteria enhance T-cells, the immune "warriors" of the body that attack and destroy cancer cells, the researchers were able to build on that ability to continue their research.
, the researchers identified immunotherapy to treat bacteria associated with colorectal cancer tumors.
, they introduced these specific bacteria in experiments in sterile mice, together with immune checkpoint blocking, a cancer immunotherapy.
that specific bacteria are critical to the role of immunotherapy and that tumors shrink dramatically.
for those who did not receive beneficial bacteria, immunotherapy was ineffective.
study found that these bacteria produce a small molecule called myosine, which interacts directly with T cells and binds to immunotherapy to improve the effectiveness of this treatment, in some cases destroying all colorectal cancer cells.
researchers later confirmed the results of bladder cancer and melanoma.
next step in this work will be to study the findings in humans.
beneficial bacteria associated with mouse tumors have also been found in human cancers.
to determine how microorganisms can improve immunotherapy is critical to the design of anti-cancer therapies, which may include microorganisms.
microbiome is an amazing collection of billions of bacteria that live in and around the body every day.
researchers are in the early stages of fully understanding how to use this new knowledge to improve the effectiveness and safety of cancer therapies, as well as to improve survival and well-being in cancer patients.
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