Science: Fudan University and Harvard Medical School develop adjuvant of broad-spectrum influenza vaccine

February 22, 2020 ifn-is is the main immune mediator of protective immunity, which can effectively fight against infection; it can be activated by alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and immune cells infected by influenza virus Therefore, the activation of these two kinds of cell interferon gene stimulators (sting) can induce the immune response induced by the infected virus or vaccine However, it is very challenging to transport sting activator to the cytoplasm of AECs without destroying the PS layer, because PS layer forms a strong barrier, which can prevent nanoparticles and hydrophilic molecules from passing through Picture source; Science recently, Mei x Wu, associate professor of Massachusetts General Hospital of Harvard Medical School, together with Fudan University land and Jiang Shibo team, developed a safe and effective PS biomimetic nano particle (ps-gamp), which can promote the activation of influenza vaccine and produce a broad-spectrum immune response against different subtypes of influenza virus Relevant research results were published in science on February 21, entitled "pulmonary" surfactant-biomimetic nanoparticles potentiate heterosubtypic influenza immunity"。 The researchers synthesized the liposome of biomimetic PS, which contained cgamp to form a new adjuvant This adjuvant (ps-gamp) can effectively enhance the humoral immune response and CD8 + T cell immune response of mice in the early stage of simulated virus-free infection induced by influenza vaccine, without excessive inflammation After intranasal injection of ps-gamp adjuvant and H1N1 vaccine for 2 days, the mice could maintain cross protection of H1N1, H3N2, H5N1 and h7n9 viruses for at least 6 months, and at the same time, they could keep CD8 + T cells in lung memory The researchers then tested the adjuvant effect in ferrets The researchers found that when alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) lack of sting gene or gap junction is inhibited, ps-gamp mediated regulation is largely eliminated In general, this study found that AECs play a key role in induction of heterologous immunity, and PS cgamp developed by the researchers can be used as a broad-spectrum adjuvant against a variety of influenza Reference: J Wang et al., pulmonary surface biomimetic Nanoparticals potentiate the geosubtypic influenza immunity Science 367, eaau0810 (2020) Doi: 10.1126/science.aau0810