Science: Double targeted tumor selective nanoparticles delivery immunogene therapy for cancer

February 19, 2020 / bioun / -- although immunotherapy has great hope in the fight against cancer, its efficacy is limited due to the limitation of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and systemic toxicity, which hinders the wide application of cancer immunotherapy In order to overcome these difficulties, researchers from National Tsinghua University and other units in Taiwan recently reported a combined immunotherapy method, which improved the anti-cancer effect of immunotherapy and avoided systemic toxicity by using an efficient and tumor selective gene carrier In this study, using thymine functionalized dendritic macromolecules to activate the interferon gene (sting) - CGAs pathway, researchers designed the tumor targeted lipid dendritic calcium phosphate (tt-ldcp) nanoparticles (NPS), which not only enhanced the gene delivery ability, but also had immune supporting function Photo source: science advances TT LDCP NPs can deliver siRNA targeting at immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1 and plasmid DNA encoding cytokine IL-2 to HCC, increase tumor infiltration and activation of CD8 + T cells, enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccine immunotherapy, thus significantly inhibiting the progress of HCC This work puts forward the strategy of simultaneous delivery of siRNA and plasmid DNA assisted by nanotechnology, which can selectively target and recombine immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, so as to improve cancer immunotherapy, and finally realize the high efficiency and low toxicity of immunotherapy, which provides a new idea for tumor immunotherapy Reference: yunging Chen et al Highly efficient and more selective Nanoparticals for dual targeted immune therapy against cancer Science advances 15 Jan 2020: Vol 6, No 3, eaax5032 doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aax5032