Science and technology support the hot area "vegetable basket" is more and more stable

Zhang Tianguang, chairman of Shunfa Agricultural Company in Wuzhishan City, Hainan Province, tried to grow peppers and eggplants for the first time, which was not only a great success, but also obtained huge profits, and the price of more than 4 yuan per catty allowed Lao Zhang to taste the sweetness
of science and technology to support farmers.

For more than ten years, the scientific research team of the Institute of Tropical Crop Variety Resources of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Institute of Quality Resources of the Chinese Academy of Thermal Sciences) has made Lao Zhang truly understand that if agriculture wants to become bigger, stronger and more stable, it is inseparable from scientific and technological support
.

Over the years, based on the development of vegetable industry in domestic hot areas, the Institute of Quality and Resources of China Academy of Thermal Sciences has adhered to scientific and technological innovation-oriented, continuously strengthened scientific and technological demonstration, supported the high-quality development of tropical characteristic agriculture with science and technology, and promoted more than 900,000 mu of new vegetable varieties and technologies, with new benefits of 450 million yuan, helping local poverty alleviation and rural revitalization
.

The technological innovation team of the tropical vegetable industry of the institute has successively won the honorary titles of "National Advanced Agricultural Collective" and "Hainan Province Double Hundred Talent Team"
.

Pay close attention to integrated innovation and grow vegetables in summer and autumn

Although Hainan is the main "vegetable basket" in China's winter, due to the influence of high temperature and high humidity, the problem of difficulty in growing vegetables in summer and autumn has always plagued the local government, and how to expand the perennial vegetable planting area and improve the self-sufficiency rate of vegetables in summer and autumn has always been an important livelihood issue
to be solved by the Hainan provincial government.

In order to support the stable supply of vegetables in Hainan all year round, based on the objective production conditions and green production needs of Hainan, the Institute of Quality and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Thermal Sciences integrates green vegetable planting and prevention and control technology, organizes assistance teams to regularly go to Wuzhishan, Lingshui, Dongfang and other cities and counties, focuses on the industrial technology needs of alpine vegetables, summer and autumn vegetables, adopts the method of combining government, production and research, builds a test demonstration base, and screens out more than 30 vegetable varieties suitable for Hainan's summer and autumn humid and hot climate, forming leafy vegetables, bitter melons, Safe and efficient production technology
such as cowpea in summer and autumn.

Hainan has heavy rainfall in summer and autumn, and the cost of large-scale new vegetable rain prevention facilities is high, and it is difficult to quickly promote and implement
.
Yang Yan, director of the Winter Melon and Vegetable Research Center of the Institute of Quality and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Thermal Sciences, introduced that researchers specially combined the advantages of local resources to explore new models of summer and autumn vegetable off-season planting, including vegetable planting without side net rainproof shelter, open-air passion fruit under the rack, open-air bitter melon under the rack, cantaloupe greenhouse idle season film for black net planting and other vegetable planting modes
.
At the same time, combined with the different soil quality and climatic characteristics of various places, targeted screening of vegetable varieties suitable for planting effectively ensures low-cost and high-efficiency vegetable production
in Hainan in summer and autumn.

Zhang Tianguang, who has been growing vegetables for many years, told reporters: "The new varieties of leafy vegetables such as cabbage, Shanghai green and Chinese cabbage screened by experts are more than 11% more than the local main cultivars, which is very suitable for Hainan's high temperature and high humidity climate environment in summer and autumn
.
" The practical green prevention and control technology taught by experts seems simple, but it contains the university question, just take the hanging of yellow and blue insect proof boards as an example, not simply hang in the ground, but according to different vegetable varieties, at different heights to hang different numbers of insect control boards, which are all scientifically based, villagers often come to learn the benefits are very
much.
”

In order to build the brand of green alpine vegetables in Wuzhishan, the Institute of Commodity Resources of China Institute of Thermal Sciences has launched the "organic fertilizer + microbial fertilizer + microspray" technology of fast food, which does not use chemical fertilizers in the planting process, and improves the quality and yield
of vegetables by integrating stress-resistant high-quality vegetable varieties, physical and chemical induction control, biological control, ecological regulation and the safe use of environment-friendly pesticides.

Dig deep into the needs of the industry and produce more melons and vegetables in winter

Fengmu Town, Tunchang County, is the main production area of bitter melon in Hainan in winter, affected by several waves of cold waves in early spring this year, many bitter melons have premature aging phenomenon, and the yield has decreased greatly
.
However, the new varieties of more than 200 mu of "Reke No.
2" oil-green bitter melon planted by the Tunchang Jin Green Melon Vegetable Production and Marketing Professional Cooperative performed well, harvesting more than half a month longer than
the traditional bitter melon varieties planted by farmers.

"The experts' new varieties are picked seven or eight times more than their own old varieties, and they can be sold for more than 3,000 yuan at the price of two or three yuan
a pound this year.
" Chen Jinhui, chairman of the cooperative, said with a smile that after seeing the real gap, surrounding farmers spontaneously came to visit and study, vying to ask where to buy seeds and plant new varieties
next year.

Yang Yan told reporters that "Reke No.
2" bitter melon is the best cold resistance test in the cold storage from more than 150 parts of oil green bitter melon resources in accordance with the goal of "increasing melons, increasing beans and reducing peppers" in Hainan winter melon vegetables, and organizing more than 200 hybrid combinations, and screening the varieties with the best performance of cold resistance and abundant yield
.
The local bitter melon is generally harvested for one and a half months, and the variety is still harvesting for more than two months, increasing the yield by more than 13%, and the melon type is also beautiful
.
In addition to excellent cold resistance, disease resistance is also very good, with a yield of more than
7,000 jin per mu.

"Screening cold-tolerant varieties of crops in hot areas sounds a bit outrageous at first, but after in-depth knowledge on the ground, we know that it is the actual needs
of growers.
" Yang Yan bluntly said that vegetables can not be regarded as typical tropical cash crops, once there is a continuous low temperature and rainy weather, the off-season advantage of the hot area in winter is not so obvious, but it is easy to face the risk
of yield reduction.
Scientific and technological innovation is to start from the actual needs of the people and solve the problems and bottlenecks
in industrial development.

In addition to the promotion of new varieties, the scientific research team of the Institute of Quality and Resources of the Chinese Academy of Thermal Sciences has also carried out soil improvement, bitter melon grafting seedling production, water and fertilizer integration, and green prevention and control of diseases and pests in Fengmu Town
.
Through years of demonstration and promotion, the quality of local cultivated land has been significantly improved, the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has been reduced by more than 10%, the yield has increased by more than 5%, and the average income of growers has increased by more than
500 yuan per mu.

The technology innovation team of vegetable industry of the Institute of Petroleum Resources of China Institute of Thermal Sciences has been stationed in the main producing areas of winter melons and vegetables in Hainan for a long time, carrying out research and integrated promotion of stress-resistant varieties, comprehensive management of nutrients, immune regulation of vegetable plants, and green prevention and control of diseases and pests, which effectively solves the problem of the decline of quality and soil fertility of winter melons and vegetables in Hainan, and ensures the healthy and sustainable development of Hainan's winter melon and
vegetable industry.

Keep up with market trends New varieties sell well

Not long ago, the new variety of "Biyue" watermelon, independently selected and bred by the Institute of Quality of China Thermal Science Institute, joined hands with Country Garden Agricultural Holdings (Yingde) Co.
, Ltd.
, and the two parties will give full play to their respective advantages to jointly build a high-quality watermelon production demonstration base in Yingde Lianzhang Village, Qingyuan City, Guangdong, and carry out high-quality watermelon scientific research and industrial development
.

In recent years, in Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places, watermelon varieties such as "Qiongli", "Meiyue" and "Qiongxiang" with independent intellectual property rights of the China Institute of Thermal Sciences have been used as the carrier to help rural revitalization
.
It has successively established production demonstration bases in Lingshui, Danzhou, Yunnan, Yunnan Nujiang, Guangdong Yingde and other places, and has promoted more than 10,000 mu of small-fruit high-end gift watermelon varieties, with an output value of more than 100 million yuan, with significant economic and social benefits
.

Yellow lantern pepper is a typical representative of
Hainan pepper.
The Institute of Quality and Resources of China Institute of Thermal Sciences has been engaged in the collection, innovative utilization and research and development of supporting cultivation technology of pepper germplasm resources for many years, and has selected and bred a number of new varieties of high-quality and high-yield yellow lantern peppers, which are not only highly spicy, fragrant and resistant, but also increased the yield by nearly 10 times per mu, and can be sold for 3 to 5 yuan per catty
.
In Hainan, Yunnan, Hebei and other places, the cumulative promotion area of more than 30,000 mu, widely welcomed by the market, has become one of the leading varieties of
domestic processed pepper.

"Rural revitalization is inseparable from the prosperity of industry, and the prosperity of industry is inseparable from scientific and technological support
.
" Wang Jiabao, director of the Institute of Quality and Resources of the China Institute of Thermal Sciences, introduced that the institute will be guided by industrial development and market demand, accelerate scientific and technological innovation and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and practice to explore more feasible models
for scientific and technological assistance to rural revitalization.
(Edited by Li Chuang)