Science Advances: Liu Zhuang/Yang Kai of Suzhou University has developed a new cancer treatment that is expected to be used in clinical practice.

To overcome the threat of cancer, a variety of treatment strategies based on different mechanisms have been clinically adopted or tested.
, however, conventional cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have limitations in terms of serious side effects, limited therapeutic resistance and specificity.
-triggered light therapies, including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy, are less invasive and more specific, but are often used to treat local tumors rather than distant metastasis tumors.
recently, live microorganisms targeting tumors, such as carbides, anaerobic bacteria, and even lysolytic viruses, have become tumor-specific drug delivery vectors or as therapeutic agents alone.
recently, there have been reports that certain types of bacteria can be transported to tumors by near-infrared (NIR) absorbents, such as nanokine or polydopamine, for photothermal tumor ablation.
, however, there have been no reports of the use of bacteria alone without the addition of other therapeutic agents or nanoparticles for phototherapy or photoimmune therapy.
August 14, 2020, Liu Zhuang and Yang Kai of Suzhou University published a research paper entitled "Bacteria-triggered tumor-specific-thrombosis to enable potent photothermalrapy of cancer" online, which found that salmonella, which is detoxified after intravenous injection, proliferates in various types of solid tumors but is quickly removed from normal organs without significant toxicity.
caused by bacteria can trigger thrombosis in infected tumors by destroying the blood vessels of the tumor.
, as observed through photoresound imaging, all six types of test tumors will become dark with strong near-infrared absorption.
by lasers, those bacterially infected tumors will effectively melt.
Because of its immune stimulation function, this bacterial-based photothermal therapy (PTT) then triggers an anti-tumor immune response, which can be further enhanced by blocking the immune checkpoint, effectively inhibiting the growth of extroviral tumors.
bacteria-based PPT, powerful immune memory effects were also observed to fight re-caused tumors.
the study has shown that bacteria themselves can act as tumor-specific PTT agents, allowing photoimmune therapy cancer treatment to inhibit tumor metastasis and recurrence.
, on July 24, 2020, Liu Zhuang and Cheng Liang of Suzhou University published an online newsletter entitled "Development of TiH1.924 nanodots by liquid-phase exfoli" A research paper by enhanced sonodynamic cancer therapy, which efficiently prepares nanoscale metal hydrides using liquid phase stripping, depending on how well the peeling reagent matches the surface energy of the hydride material.
further experimental results show that the resulting TiH1.924 nanometer point can produce reactive oxygen free agent (ROS) under ultrasound, showing an efficient acoustic sensitivity effect.
time, TiH1.924 nanometers have strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption, which enhances blood flow and improves the oxygen content of tumors by using its mild photothermal effect, and achieves photothermal-acoustic power co-treatment.
addition, the vast majority of ultra-small TiH 1.924 nanometers can be removed from the body, greatly improving its biosecurity and laying a broad application prospect for metal hydride nanomaterials in biomedicine.
to overcome the threat of cancer, a variety of treatment strategies based on different mechanisms have been clinically adopted or tested.
, however, conventional cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have limitations in terms of serious side effects, limited therapeutic resistance and specificity.
-triggered light therapies, including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy, are less invasive and more specific, but are often used to treat local tumors rather than distant metastasis tumors.
in 2019, Rastinehad et al. reported the first clinical trial of PPT based on gold-silicon dioxide nanoparticles, a treatment for prostate cancer patients with stereotactic casing needles/laser fibers.
13 of the 15 patients treated showed no signs of cancer within one year of treatment, demonstrating the clinical application of laser-based PPT.
, on the other hand, cancer immunotherapy, which uses the host's immune system to attack tumor cells, has shown great hope in recent years.
, for example, the use of antibodies to block immune checkpoint receptors for immuno-checkpoint blocking (ICB) treatment has been clinically used to treat various types of tumors.
, the overall clinical response rate for individual ICC treatments is known to be relatively low.
, the combination of ICB therapy with other types of treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and phototherapy, has attracted widespread attention in recent years.
, for example, combining immunodigrant-based nanoparticles with ICC therapy can trigger an anti-tumor immune response that inhibits tumor metastasis and recurrence after local tumor ablation.
recently, live microorganisms targeting tumors, such as carbides, anaerobic bacteria, and even lysolytic viruses, have become tumor-specific drug delivery vectors or as therapeutic agents alone.
recently, there have been reports that certain types of bacteria can be transported to tumors by near-infrared (NIR) absorbents, such as nanokine or polydopamine, for photothermal tumor ablation.
, however, there have been no reports of the use of bacteria alone without the addition of other therapeutic agents or nanoparticles for phototherapy or photoimmune therapy.
the study, a method of photoimmune therapy using complete bacteria was proposed without any chemical modification or additional payload.
study found that low-dose, drug-reducing salmonella pPGp strains were injected into mice with a lotus tumor intravenously.
Further research confirms that, due to the anaerobic habits of these bacteria and the unique microencemic environment of low-oxygen tumors, the intravenously administered salmonella typhoid salmonella can be specifically implanted in tumors, with few infections in other normal organs.
in the tumor will trigger the activation of innate immune cells, the release of inflammatory factors, and damage to the tumor vein system.
monitored by in vivo photoresonal (PA) imaging, this bacteria-induced tumor-specific thrombosis leads to significantly darkened tumor colors with strong NIR absorption.
by increasing tumor-specific near-infrared absorption, effective tumor photothermal ablation can be achieved, as demonstrated by five different types of tumor models.
the inherent immune stimulation of bacteria, the bacteria-triggered PPT in this study can induce an effective anti-tumor immune response, combined with ICC treatment, can inhibit the growth of metastases.
after the bacteria triggered PPT, it finally achieved a powerful immune memory effect to prevent the recurrence of cancer.
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