SCI Rep: use of induced pluripotent stem cells to successfully regulate the immune rejection of recipient tissue

February 11, 2020 / bioun / -- recently, in a research report published in the international journal scientific reports, scientists from Hokkaido University developed a new method, which can use induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS CS) to regulate the immune response of the body to transplanted organs The researchers found that thymic epithelial cells derived from mouse induced pluripotent stem cells can regulate the immune response of the body to skin grafts and prolong the life of the grafts Photo source: the thymus of Hokkaido University is located behind the sternum It is an important organ that produces T cells T cells can control the immune response of the body, including organ rejection, etc at the same time, it is directly related to the immune self tolerance It can also be an important member of the immune system of the body, and the antigens produced by the body itself are regarded as non dangerous substances Pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, can differentiate into many types of cells, which can usually be used as an alternative source for tissue transplantation However, when the donor organ or tissue is transplanted, the graft will be rejected and eventually destroyed by the immune system of the recipient body For pluripotent stem cells The same is true for derived cells or tissues Therefore, in regenerative medicine, the most important thing is to successfully regulate the host's immune response to the graft Previous studies have found that it is difficult for researchers to use induced pluripotent stem cells to effectively produce thymic epithelial cells In this way, researchers found that introducing key genes named Foxn1 into induced pluripotent stem cells of mice can help stem cells effectively differentiate into thymic gland epithelial cells, and Foxn1 is a very important gene in thymus The researchers then introduced the thymic epithelial cells derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells and the genetically compatible donor mouse skin grafts into the recipient mice for further study The results showed that when the thymic epithelial cells derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells were transplanted in advance, the skin grafts in the recipient mice could survive for a longer time Seino said that the results of this study showed that, before cell or tissue transplantation, by transplanting the immunoregulatory cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells or regulating the immune rejection in the recipient host, the relevant research results may help researchers to accelerate the development of regenerative medical therapy by using the cells or tissues derived from induced pluripotent stem cells Original source: Otsuka, R., Wada, H., Tsuji, H et al Efficient generation of thermal epitalium from induced pluripotent stem cells that prolongs allocraft survival SCI rep 10, 224 (2020) Doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-57088-1