Returning farmland to forest in Inner Mongolia and raising livestock in closed mountain

Introduction: a number of famous brand products have become the "engine" to drive farmers and herdsmen to become rich editor's note: returning farmland to forest (grass) is not only an urgent need to improve the ecological environment, but also an inevitable requirement to adjust the rural planting structure and increase the income of farmers and herdsmen under the new situation, which involves a series of problems such as the long-term livelihood of farmers and herdsmen and the local economic development strategy Only proceeding from the reality, combining with the increase of income of farmers and herdsmen, properly solving the various production and living problems they are facing, so that they can gradually get rid of poverty and become rich, can the conversion of cropland to forest (grass) truly achieve the goal of one piece, one piece, avoiding falling into the vicious cycle of destroying and destroying species, and finally realizing the sustainable development of ecology, economy and society The experience of Inner Mongolia is enlightening Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, a large animal husbandry region in China, has actively explored the combination of returning farmland to forest with closing mountains and banning animal husbandry, and raising livestock in houses, so as to change the traditional way of animal husbandry and achieve good results By the end of 2001, more than 16 million mu of farmland has been converted to forest (grass) in this area In the past two years since the pilot project of returning farmland to forest (grass) was carried out by the state, a total of 1 million mu has been completed in the pilot banner (county), 2.318 million mu is suitable for afforestation and grass planting in barren mountains and wastelands, and the survival rate and conservation rate are up to the national standard 　　     The whole region actively promotes the mixed mode of forest grass intercropping and forest grass belt in wide grass belt and narrow forest belt, and implements the mountain closure and grazing prohibition in the forest area of returning cultivated land to forest area to ensure the survival and rapid growth of forest grass; at the same time, it increases investment, builds high standard artificial forage base, improves livestock species, and raises high-yield and high-quality livestock; supports the house feeding and captive breeding from the policy, and gives subsidy feed to the house feeding and captive grazing prohibition in the agricultural and pastoral areas Grain Ordos City has implemented large-scale grazing prohibition on mountains and grasslands, vigorously developed family grass storage, and promoted the increase of income of farmers and herdsmen by promoting house feeding and captive breeding in the whole city through the establishment of grass industry By planting grass, raising in captivity and improving breeds, the cashmere production of individual goats increased by about 60%, and the survival rate of lambing was greatly improved In the past six years, 12 million mu of farmland has been returned to Wulanchabu League In addition to returning forest to grassland, it has vigorously implemented the policy of raising livestock in houses, realizing the transformation from agricultural League to animal husbandry League Since 1994, the number of livestock raised in the league has increased at an average annual rate of 10%, and the total number of livestock has risen from the sixth place in the autonomous region to the third place The income of farmers and herdsmen in the league from animal husbandry accounts for nearly 50% of the per capita net income The increasingly improved ecological environment breeds a number of famous brand products at home and abroad The dairy products of Yili Group, cashmere products of Ordos group and meat products of Xingfa group have enjoyed a smooth flow and become the "engine" to drive farmers and herdsmen out of poverty and become rich Yili Group has built a number of milk source bases to promote local farmers to change their habits of reclamation and farming, and engage in dairy farming, creating favorable conditions for returning farmland to forest and grass Erdos Group has invested in encouraging farmers and herdsmen to turn goats into captives At the same time, biotechnology has been applied to improve cashmere yield, which has effectively protected and utilized precious forage resources.