Research progress of water-based transparent fire-retardant coatings!

Introduction

With the development of the national economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the construction industry has an increasing demand for decorative fire-retardant coatings

This article summarizes the domestic and foreign research progress of water-based transparent fire-retardant coatings based on amino resins, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins, etc.

1 Base resin system

The base resin is the basis of the coating and an important component of the water-based transparent fire-retardant coating.

1.

Amino resin has chemical versatility, good viscosity and cross-linking properties, meets environmental protection requirements, and contains a large amount of nitrogen in the structure, which can provide a nitrogen source, reduce the amount of nitrogen-containing compounds such as melamine, and help maintain the coating Because of its transparency, it is widely used to prepare transparent intumescent fire retardant coatings

1.

The coating prepared with bisphenol A EP is easy to age outdoors and has poor weather resistance.

1.

The main feature of acrylic resin system transparent fireproof coating is that it can be cured by UV radiation

1.

Polyurethane resin has the characteristics of high strength, tear resistance, abrasion resistance, etc.
, and is widely used in the field of coatings
.
The US patent uses melamine, ammonium polyphosphate and chlorinated paraffin as the intumescent flame retardant system to prepare a polyurethane-based transparent intumescent fire retardant coating
.
When heated to 350°C, the coating can generate an expanded carbon layer of at least 4.
5 times the original volume
.
Li Shirong and others studied the properties of polyurethane-based transparent intumescent fire-retardant coatings
.
Studies have shown that pentaerythritol contains more hydroxyl groups and easily reacts with isocyanate groups in polyurethane varnishes.
Excessive dosage will reduce the fire resistance of the coating, while the hydroxyl groups in starch have lower activity and have no significant impact on the coating performance
.
Wang Zhiyong and others synthesized a transparent phosphorus-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant.
After the flame retardant is used in polyurethane varnish, the transparency and physical properties of the varnish will not change, and the flame retardant performance will be improved
.
Zhai Yongqiang and others added pentaerythritol phosphate, triisopropylphenyl phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate to polyurethane resin to obtain a transparent intumescent fire-retardant coating, which has a flame resistance time of 25 minutes and can be used in humid environments for a long time without flame retardants.
Precipitation and transparency will not decrease
.
In order not to affect the transparency of the coating, Guo Junhong and others introduced phosphorus into the polymer chain to synthesize an intrinsic flame-retardant polyurethane resin, and water-based it to obtain a water-based transparent fire-retardant coating, which greatly improved the material's flame-retardant oxygen index
.

2  performance research

2.
1 Research on flame retardant and fireproof performance

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(3) At present, most water-based transparent fire-retardant coatings only have flame-retardant and fire-retardant properties, and their functions are relatively single
.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop multi-functional water-based transparent fire-retardant coatings.
On the basis of meeting decorative requirements and having better fire-retardant performance, it also has other good properties, such as anti-mildew, insect, and corrosion resistance
.

(4) At present, water-based transparent fire-retardant coatings are mostly two-component or multi-component products, which need to be blended during construction, which brings inconvenience to the construction, and the volatilization of organic solvents will pollute the environment and cause harm to the human body
.
The development of low-toxic or non-toxic, low-cost, energy-saving, and storage-stable water-based transparent fire-retardant coatings can reduce the difficulty of construction and facilitate market promotion
.

(5) There are few theoretical studies on the transparency and carbon layer quality control and quantification of water-based transparent fire-retardant coatings
.
The transparency standard needs to be standardized, and the mechanism that affects the transparency of the coating needs to be studied in depth; the fire performance of intumescent fire retardant coatings mainly comes from the role of the expanded carbon layer, which requires the quality of the carbon layer, the strength of the carbon layer, and the structure of the carbon layer’s cells.
In-depth analysis to realize the controllable expansion of the carbon layer and take into account the physical and chemical properties of the coating transparency
.
Through in-depth theoretical research and preparation process optimization, grasp the relationship between structure and performance to obtain a water-based transparent fire-retardant coating with ideal comprehensive performance